--- title: "United States – California — Global AI Monitor" canonical: https://artificial-intelligence.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-california/ source_html: /jurisdictions/united-states-california/index.html description: "United States – California AI governance record: 68 instruments, 72 obligations and 294 evidenced claims across 12 modules. Research as of 8 Oct 2026." generated_at: 2026-10-25T22:24:54Z content_sha256: 41d520a1f809a2be96e16baac9d14c111d6fdf2297310916ce88bb10f205a99a generator: "fe-fleet/md-twin@1.0" --- # United States – California US-CA 10 active modules 2 quiet [Build report with United States – California](/reports/?t=entry&j=US-CA)[Ask Co-Pilot](/reports/?t=copilot&j=US-CA)[Request deeper dive](/reports/?ask=US-CA#ask) Framework status AB 316 - Artificial intelligence: defenses (no autonomous-AI defense) (In force since 2026-01-01): Adds Civil Code section 1714.46: a defendant who developed, modified or used AI alleged to have caused harm may not assert that the AI autonomously caused the harm; other defenses and comparative-fault evidence remain available. Main regulator Regulator No designated AI authority; SB 53 enforcement sits with the Attorney General, and the CPPA regulates automated decision-making technology Next milestone 16 Nov 2026 : GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor ([04 General-Purpose AI](#sec-mod-general_purpose_ai)) Record status Preview · baseline record · 131 sources (131 retrieved) · 63 Probable (R-3/R-4) · Not yet expert-reviewed AI-assembled from cited sources · evidence-gated · Not yet expert-reviewed · Not legal, compliance or investment advice · [Methodology →](/methodology/#ai-content-disclosure) Disclosure details Facts are machine-assembled from cited public sources. Individual claims have not each been independently verified by a human reviewer. See [methodology](/methodology/). Research checked 8 Oct 2026 · Updated 9 Oct 2026 Record history Research as of 8 Oct 2026 · Record last changed 9 Oct 2026 · Publication date pending · Page built 23 Oct 2026 68 Instruments 62 Current instruments 15 Binding, in force +32 more binding, in-force date not recorded 72 Obligations 294 Claims 18 Upcoming milestones 131 Sources Summary counts across modules ? A claim can sit in more than one module; the totals above count each once. ## Next milestones in this record - 16 Nov 2026GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor Scheduled · [04 General-Purpose AI](#sec-mod-general_purpose_ai) - 16 Nov 2026GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor Scheduled · [08 Safety & Incident Reporting](#sec-mod-safety_and_incident_reporting) - 16 Nov 2026GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor Scheduled · [09 Standards & Conformity](#sec-mod-standards_and_conformity) - 17 Nov 2026LWDA recommendations on California WARN Act updates due (180 days from the Order) Scheduled · [07 Sectoral & Public-Sector AI](#sec-mod-sectoral_and_public_sector_ai) - 1 Jan 2027ADMT compliance date for businesses already using ADMT for significant decisions Scheduled · [03 High-Risk Systems](#sec-mod-high_risk_systems) Jump to module (12) × 12 of 12 modules View options & filters Show Active Quiet Has items under review Density Comfortable Compact Expand all sources Reset all ### 01AI Framework LawActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 316 - Artificial intelligence: defenses (no autonomous-AI defense) (In force since 2026-01-01): Adds Civil Code section 1714.46: a defendant who developed, modified or used AI alleged to have caused harm may not assert that the AI autonomously caused the harm; other defenses and comparative-fault evidence remain available. 6 instruments · 4 obligations · 19 claims 6 instruments (6 current) · 4 obligations · 19 claims · 2 milestones Instruments - AB 316 - Artificial intelligence: defenses (no autonomous-AI defense) In force since 2026-01-01Adds Civil Code section 1714.46: a defendant who developed, modified or used AI alleged to have caused harm may not assert that the AI autonomously caused the harm; other defenses and comparative-fault evidence remain available.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB316) - Executive Order 14179 - Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence Adopted 2025-01-23; entry into force not recordedFederal executive order setting the policy of sustaining US global AI dominance and directing an AI Action Plan within 180 days; the baseline deregulatory order that EO 14365 builds on. Directs federal agencies only.Binding · Authority: The White House (President) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence/) - Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence Adopted 2025-12-11; entry into force not recordedFederal executive order directing a DOJ AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state AI laws and Commerce to evaluate them; does not itself preempt state law and is binding on federal agencies only.Binding · Authority: U.S. Department of Justice - AI Litigation Task Force, U.S. Department of Commerce · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) - Proposed initiative 25-0034A1 - Regulates certain large AI companies (California AI Safety Commission) Draft, no legal forceProposed initiative statute that would create a seven-member California AI Safety Commission requiring safety plans and pre-notification of capability expansions from certain large AI companies; cleared for signature collection on 2026-02-04 and not on the 2026-06-25 certified ballot list.Authority: California Secretary of State · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) - SB 1106 - Agentic artificial intelligence (held in committee 2026) Draft, no legal forceBill on agentic AI; its last recorded action is a 2026-08-13 hearing at which it was held in committee under submission. No enactment evidenced.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1106) - White House National Policy Framework for AI: Legislative Recommendations (2026-03-20) Published 2026-03-20White House recommendations to Congress to preempt state AI laws that impose undue burdens, bar state regulation of AI development and bar penalising developers for third-party misuse, while preserving traditional state police powers. Recommendation only; not law.Non-binding · Authority: The White House (President) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/03.20.26-National-Policy-Framework-for-Artificial-Intelligence-Legislative-Recommendations.pdf) Obligations - EO 14365 Sec. 3The Attorney General must establish within 30 days an AI Litigation Task Force whose sole responsibility is to challenge state AI laws inconsistent with the Order's policy.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - EO 14365 Sec. 4The Secretary of Commerce must publish within 90 days an evaluation of existing state AI laws identifying onerous laws.documentation · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - Civ. Code § 1714.46(b)-(c)In a civil action, a defendant who developed, modified or used AI alleged to have caused harm may not assert that the AI autonomously caused the harm; other affirmative defenses and comparative-fault evidence are preserved.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 316 - Artificial intelligence: defenses (no autonomous-AI defense) - EO 14179 Sec. 4(a)Within 180 days of the order, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, with other White House officials, must develop an AI Action Plan to sustain and enhance US global AI dominance.documentation · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14179 - Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence Milestones - 9 Jan 2026DOJ AI Litigation Task Force established by Attorney General memorandum MetExecutive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - 11 Mar 2026 (conditional)Commerce evaluation of state AI laws due (90 days from EO; two secondary commentaries say it had not been published; no primary document found) Status not recordedExecutive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence Claims and evidence (19) - Executive Order 14365 was issued December 11, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · HeaderENSURING A NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Executive Orders December 11, 2025 Executive Order 14365 - Binding on federal officials; directs, but does not itself effect, preemption of state AI laws.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 3Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order - [Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 4Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary's authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b) - The Attorney General must establish within 30 days an AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state AI laws, and Commerce must publish within 90 days an evaluation identifying onerous state AI laws.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 3Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order - [Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 4Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary's authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b) - Derived: Probable EO 14365 directs federal action against state AI laws, including California laws, without itself preempting them.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 3Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order - [Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 4Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary's authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b) - A proposed initiative creating a California AI Safety Commission was cleared to circulate for signatures on February 4, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 4 Feb 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Official title and summaryCreates new state agency, the California AI Safety Commission, comprised of seven appointed members with specified expertise, to regulate companies that develop or control advanced AI systems and meet other specified criteria. - [Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release openingannounced that the proponent of a new initiative was cleared to begin collecting petition signatures on February 4, 2026. - The measure has no force; it is not among the 14 measures the Secretary of State certified for the November 3, 2026 ballot on June 25, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 25 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Official title and summaryCreates new state agency, the California AI Safety Commission, comprised of seven appointed members with specified expertise, to regulate companies that develop or control advanced AI systems and meet other specified criteria. - [Secretary of State - measures certified for the November 3, 2026 General Election ballot](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/california-secretary-state-shirley-n-weber-phd-certifies-measures-november-3-2026-general-election-ballot) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release PR26-96 openingannounced that 14 measures have qualified for the November 3, 2026, General Election ballot. - Cleared to begin collecting petition signatures on 2026-02-04.Confidence: Probable · As of 4 Feb 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release openingannounced that the proponent of a new initiative was cleared to begin collecting petition signatures on February 4, 2026. - AB 316 was approved by the Governor on 2025-10-13 as Chapter 672 and added Civil Code section 1714.46.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 316 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 672) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB316) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill header (Chapter 672)Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - [Cal. Civil Code section 1714.46 - code section text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1714.46.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1714.46, history note(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 672, Sec. 1. (AB 316) Effective January 1, 2026.) - Civil Code section 1714.46 is codified law.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 316 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 672) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB316) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1714.46(b)In an action against a defendant who developed, modified, or used artificial intelligence that is alleged to have caused a harm to the plaintiff, it shall not be a defense, and the defendant may not assert, that the artificial intelligence autonomously caused the harm to the plaintiff. - [Cal. Civil Code section 1714.46 - code section text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1714.46.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1714.46, history note(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 672, Sec. 1. (AB 316) Effective January 1, 2026.) - Section 1714.46 took effect January 1, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Civil Code section 1714.46 - code section text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1714.46.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1714.46, history note(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 672, Sec. 1. (AB 316) Effective January 1, 2026.) - A defendant who developed, modified or used AI alleged to have caused harm may not assert that the AI autonomously caused the harm; other defenses remain available.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 316 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 672) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB316) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1714.46(b)In an action against a defendant who developed, modified, or used artificial intelligence that is alleged to have caused a harm to the plaintiff, it shall not be a defense, and the defendant may not assert, that the artificial intelligence autonomously caused the harm to the plaintiff. - [AB 316 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 672) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB316) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1714.46(c)This section does not limit or preclude a defendant from presenting either of the following: - SB 1106 on agentic AI was held in committee under submission on 13 August 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1106 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1106) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|August 13 hearing: Held in committee and under submission.| |08/05/26|August 5 set for first hearing. Placed on suspense file.| - Derived: Probable SB 1106 has no legal force; its last recorded action is being held in committee.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1106 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1106) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|August 13 hearing: Held in committee and under submission.| |08/05/26|August 5 set for first hearing. Placed on suspense file.| - The White House published legislative recommendations for a national AI policy framework dated March 20, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 20 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[The White House - National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence: Legislative Recommendations (2026-03-20)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/03.20.26-National-Policy-Framework-for-Artificial-Intelligence-Legislative-Recommendations.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Recommendations, preemption bulletCongress should preempt state AI laws that impose undue burdens to ensure a minimally burdensome national standard consistent with these recommendations, not fifty discordant ones. - The document recommends that Congress legislate and has no legal effect itself.Confidence: Probable · As of 20 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[The White House - National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence: Legislative Recommendations (2026-03-20)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/03.20.26-National-Policy-Framework-for-Artificial-Intelligence-Legislative-Recommendations.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Recommendations, preemption bulletCongress should preempt state AI laws that impose undue burdens to ensure a minimally burdensome national standard consistent with these recommendations, not fifty discordant ones. - The recommendations urge Congress to preempt burdensome state AI laws, state regulation of AI development and penalties on developers for third-party misuse.Confidence: Probable · As of 20 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[The White House - National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence: Legislative Recommendations (2026-03-20)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/03.20.26-National-Policy-Framework-for-Artificial-Intelligence-Legislative-Recommendations.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Recommendations, preemption bulletCongress should preempt state AI laws that impose undue burdens to ensure a minimally burdensome national standard consistent with these recommendations, not fifty discordant ones. - [The White House - National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence: Legislative Recommendations (2026-03-20)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/03.20.26-National-Policy-Framework-for-Artificial-Intelligence-Legislative-Recommendations.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Recommendations, preemption bulletsStates should not be permitted to regulate AI development, because it is an inherently interstate phenomenon with key foreign policy and national security implications. - [The White House - National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence: Legislative Recommendations (2026-03-20)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/03.20.26-National-Policy-Framework-for-Artificial-Intelligence-Legislative-Recommendations.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Recommendations, preemption bulletsStates should not be permitted to penalize AI developers for a third party's unlawful conduct involving their models. - Executive Order 14179 was issued on January 23, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 23 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14179 - Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence (2025-01-23)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · HeaderREMOVING BARRIERS TO AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE The White House January 23, 2025 - The order sets federal policy and directs federal agencies; it does not itself bind private parties.Confidence: Probable · As of 23 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14179 - Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence (2025-01-23)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14179 Sec. 2Sec. 2. Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance America's global AI dominance in order to promote human flourishing, economic competitiveness, and national security. - EO 14179 sets the federal policy of sustaining and enhancing US global AI dominance.Confidence: Probable · As of 23 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14179 - Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence (2025-01-23)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14179 Sec. 2Sec. 2. Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance America's global AI dominance in order to promote human flourishing, economic competitiveness, and national security. Open evidence ### 02Prohibited PracticesActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 1159 - Student personal information (bar on using student data to train AI) (Adopted 2026-09-10; valid from 2027-01-01): Amends KOPIPA and ELPIPA so operators of school-purpose sites and services may not use covered student information to train a generative AI system or service or to develop an AI system; creates the Higher Education Student Information Protection Act (operative 1 July 2027); gives harmed students a private action with a 60-day notice and cure step. 9 instruments · 9 obligations · 32 claims 9 instruments (8 current) · 9 obligations · 32 claims · 0 milestones Instruments - AB 1159 - Student personal information (bar on using student data to train AI) Adopted 2026-09-10; valid from 2027-01-01Amends KOPIPA and ELPIPA so operators of school-purpose sites and services may not use covered student information to train a generative AI system or service or to develop an AI system; creates the Higher Education Student Information Protection Act (operative 1 July 2027); gives harmed students a private action with a 60-day notice and cure step.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) - AB 1883 - Workplace surveillance tools using AI Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Prohibits employers from using AI workplace surveillance tools to infer employees' emotional state or to collect neural data, with penalties up to $500 per violation.Binding · Authority: Labor Commissioner (Division of Labor Standards Enforcement), Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 325 - Cartwright Act: common pricing algorithms Adopted 2025-10-06; valid from 2026-01-01Adds Business and Professions Code section 16729 making it unlawful to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm as part of a restraint of trade, or to coerce adoption of its recommended prices; adds a plausibility pleading standard for Cartwright Act complaints.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) - AB 489 - AI systems implying healthcare licensure Adopted 2025-10-11; valid from 2026-01-01Extends health-profession title protections to developers and deployers of AI or GenAI that use protected terms or phrases implying a healthcare licence.Binding · Authority: Health care professional licensing boards · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 621 - Deepfake pornography (Civil Code section 1708.86) Adopted 2025-10-13; valid from 2026-01-01Amends Civil Code section 1708.86: extends the cause of action over sexually explicit deepfakes to those who knowingly facilitate or recklessly aid deepfake pornography services, presumes service providers liable if they do not stop within 30 days of evidence, raises statutory damages to $50,000 ($250,000 if malicious) and lets public attorneys sue.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General, Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) - SB 1159 - Artificial intelligence: transparency and governance (public participation) Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Provides that AI systems and autonomous agents are not a "person" or "member of the public" under public-records, open-meeting and rulemaking statutes, and bars knowingly using AI to falsely represent that a person engaged with a government agency.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 1276 - Crimes: sexual exploitation of a child (AI-generated matter) Adopted 2026-09-10; valid from 2027-01-01Extends the child sexual-exploitation offences, including possession and distribution provisions and the mandated-reporter definition of sexual exploitation, to digitally altered or AI-generated matter depicting a person under 18 in sexual conduct.Binding · Authority: Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) - SB 867 - Toys with companion chatbots moratorium Adopted 2026-09-10; valid from 2027-01-01Prohibits manufacturing, selling or exchanging toys that include a companion chatbot until January 1, 2031.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 1064 - Leading Ethical AI Development (LEAD) for Kids Act (vetoed 2025) Vetoed 2025-10-13 Not currentBill that would have barred making companion chatbots available to users under 18 unless not foreseeably capable of specified harms; vetoed on 2025-10-13 as potentially amounting to a total ban for minors. SB 243 was signed and SB 1119 followed in 2026.Draft, no legal force · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) Obligations - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22604.5(a)No person may manufacture, sell, exchange, possess with intent to sell, or offer to a retailer any toy that includes a companion chatbot; the prohibition is repealed on January 1, 2031.prohibition · Applies to: product manufacturer · SB 867 - Toys with companion chatbots moratorium - Lab. Code § 1581(a)Employers must not use an AI workplace surveillance tool to recognize or infer emotional state or to collect neural data.prohibition · Applies to: deployer · AB 1883 - Workplace surveillance tools using AI - Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8 et seq.Developers and deployers of AI or GenAI must not use terms, letters or phrases that falsely indicate or imply a healthcare licence in advertising or functionality.prohibition · Applies to: provider · AB 489 - AI systems implying healthcare licensure - Gov. Code § 8319(a)No person may knowingly use AI to falsely represent that a natural person appeared before, submitted information to, or otherwise engaged with a governmental agency.prohibition · Applies to: other · SB 1159 - Artificial intelligence: transparency and governance (public participation) - 2 CCR § 11009(f)Employers and other covered entities may not use an automated-decision system or selection criteria that discriminates against applicants or employees on a basis protected by FEHA, subject to available defenses; evidence of anti-bias testing is relevant to any claim or defense.prohibition · Applies to: deployer · Civil Rights Council employment regulations on automated-decision systems - Bus. & Prof. Code § 16729(a)-(b)A person may not use or distribute a common pricing algorithm (a methodology used by two or more persons that uses competitor data to influence price or commercial terms) as part of a restraint of trade, and may not coerce another person to adopt its recommended prices or commercial terms.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 325 - Cartwright Act: common pricing algorithms - Civ. Code § 1708.86A person may not knowingly facilitate or recklessly aid or abet the creation or disclosure of digitized sexually explicit material without consent; a provider of services enabling a deepfake pornography service that does not stop within 30 days of receiving sufficient evidence is presumed to be knowingly facilitating.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 621 - Deepfake pornography (Civil Code section 1708.86) - Penal Code § 311.11(a)-(b) (as amended)It is an offence knowingly to possess, distribute or access digitally altered or AI-generated matter depicting a person under 18 in sexual conduct; obscenity need not be proved.prohibition · Applies to: other · SB 1276 - Crimes: sexual exploitation of a child (AI-generated matter) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22584(b)(5) (as amended)An operator, or an entity working on its behalf, of a site, service or application used and designed for school purposes may not use covered student information, including persistent unique identifiers, to train a generative AI system or service or to develop an AI system.prohibition · Applies to: provider · AB 1159 - Student personal information (bar on using student data to train AI) Claims and evidence (32) - SB 867 was approved on September 10, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 867 (Padilla), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB867) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - [California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills](https://calawyers.org/privacy-law/2026-status-update-on-california-ai-privacy-and-other-technology-related-bills/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status chart, signed bills headerEffective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise) - Derived: Probable SB 867 prohibits specified toy sales with civil liability.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 867 (Padilla), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB867) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22604.5(a)No person shall manufacture, sell, or exchange, possess with intent to sell or exchange, or expose or offer for sale or exchange to any retailer any toy that includes a companion chatbot. - [SB 867 (Padilla), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB867) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's Digestand would make violations of the bill subject to the same civil liability as violations of the provisions applicable to operators of companion chatbots - Derived: Probable No person may manufacture, sell, exchange, or offer to retailers any toy that includes a companion chatbot until January 1, 2031.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 867 (Padilla), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB867) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22604.5(a)No person shall manufacture, sell, or exchange, possess with intent to sell or exchange, or expose or offer for sale or exchange to any retailer any toy that includes a companion chatbot. - [SB 867 (Padilla), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB867) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22604.5(b)This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2031, and as of that date is repealed. - AB 1883 was approved on September 30, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1883 (Bryan), Chapter 853, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1883) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - [California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills](https://calawyers.org/privacy-law/2026-status-update-on-california-ai-privacy-and-other-technology-related-bills/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status chart, signed bills headerEffective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise) - Derived: Probable AB 1883 prohibits specified AI surveillance with penalties.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1883 (Bryan), Chapter 853, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1883) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1581(a)An employer shall not use a workplace surveillance tool that uses artificial intelligence on employees for either of the following: (1) Recognizing, or making inferences or predictions about, an individual's emotional state. (2) Collecting neural data. - [AB 1883 (Bryan), Chapter 853, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1883) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1582(d)(1)an employer who violates this part may be subject to a penalty of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each violation. - Derived: Probable AI emotion inference and neural data collection.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1883 (Bryan), Chapter 853, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1883) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1581(a)An employer shall not use a workplace surveillance tool that uses artificial intelligence on employees for either of the following: (1) Recognizing, or making inferences or predictions about, an individual's emotional state. (2) Collecting neural data. - AB 489 was approved as Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 on 11 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 11, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 11, 2025. - Derived: Probable AB 489 extends existing health-profession title-protection prohibitions to AI and generative-AI developers and deployers using terms that falsely imply a healthcare licence, in force since 1 January 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would make provisions of law that prohibit the use of specified terms, letters, or phrases to falsely indicate or imply possession of a license or certificate to practice a health care profession, as defined, enforceable against an entity who develops or deploys artificial intelligence (AI) or generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technology - [AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.9(a)(1)A violation of this chapter is subject to the jurisdiction of the appropriate health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency. - Violations of AB 489 are enforced by the relevant health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.9(a)(1)A violation of this chapter is subject to the jurisdiction of the appropriate health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency. - Derived: Probable SB 1159 provides that AI systems and autonomous agents are not a "person" or "member of the public" under public-records, open-meeting and rulemaking statutes, and bars knowingly using AI to falsely represent that a person engaged with a government agency, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1159 (Cabaldon), Chapter 863, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 8319(a)A person shall not knowingly use artificial intelligence to falsely represent that a natural person appeared before, submitted information to, or otherwise engaged with a governmental agency. - [SB 1159 (Cabaldon), Chapter 863, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 11121.5(a)do not include artificial intelligence systems, autonomous agents, or robots, whether physical or digital. - Using an automated-decision system that discriminates on a FEHA-protected basis is unlawful, with anti-bias testing evidence relevant to claims and defences.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council - Final Unmodified Text of Proposed Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision Systems (version 3/17/2025)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2025/03/Attachment-B-Final-Unmodified-Text-of-Proposed-Employment-Regulations-Regarding-Automated-Decision-Systems.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 2 CCR § 11009(f)It is unlawful for an employer or other covered entity to use an automated-decision system or selection criteria (including a qualification standard, employment test, or proxy) that discriminates against an applicant or employee or a class of applicants or employees on a basis protected by the Act, subject to any available defense. - [Civil Rights Council - Final Unmodified Text of Proposed Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision Systems (version 3/17/2025)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2025/03/Attachment-B-Final-Unmodified-Text-of-Proposed-Employment-Regulations-Regarding-Automated-Decision-Systems.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 2 CCR § 11009(f)Relevant to any such claim or available defense is evidence, or the lack of evidence, of anti-bias testing or similar proactive efforts to avoid unlawful discrimination, including the quality, efficacy, recency, and scope of such effort, the results of such testing or other effort, and the response to the results. - AB 325 was approved by the Governor on 6 October 2025 as Chapter 338, Statutes of 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 06, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 06, 2025. - Derived: Probable Business and Professions Code section 16729 is chaptered law within the Cartwright Act.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16729(a)(a) It shall be unlawful for a person to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm as part of a contract, combination in the form of a trust, or conspiracy to restrain trade or commerce in violation of this chapter. - AB 325 takes effect on the 1 January 2026 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 06, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 06, 2025. - The Governor approved AB 325 on 6 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 06, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 06, 2025. - Section 16729 makes it unlawful to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm as part of a restraint of trade or to coerce adoption of its recommended prices.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16729(a)(a) It shall be unlawful for a person to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm as part of a contract, combination in the form of a trust, or conspiracy to restrain trade or commerce in violation of this chapter. - [AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16729(b)(b) It shall be unlawful for a person to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm if the person coerces another person to set or adopt a recommended price or commercial term recommended by the common pricing algorithm for the same or similar products or services in the jurisdiction of this state. - [AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16729(d)(3)(3) "Common pricing algorithm" means any methodology, including a computer, software, or other technology, used by two or more persons, that uses competitor data to recommend, align, stabilize, set, or otherwise influence a price or commercial term. - Derived: Probable Cartwright Act violations carry corporate fines up to $6,000,000 or the gain-based amount if greater, and private plaintiffs may recover three times their damages.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code section 16755 - Cartwright Act criminal penalties](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=BPC§ionNum=16755.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16755(a)(1)by a fine of not more than six million dollars ($6,000,000) or the applicable amount under paragraph (3), whichever is greater. - [Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code section 16750 - Cartwright Act civil remedies](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=BPC§ionNum=16750.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16750(a)to recover three times the damages sustained by him or her - AB 621 extends civil liability to those who facilitate deepfake pornography services and presumes service providers liable after 30 days' notice.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would make a person that provides a service that enables the ongoing operation of a deepfake pornography service presumed to be engaged in knowing facilitation or reckless aiding or abetting - [AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1708.86(a)(3)(3) "Deepfake pornography service" means an internet website, mobile application, or other service the primary purpose of which is to create digitized sexually explicit material. - SB 1276 was approved by the Governor on 10 September 2026 as Chapter 192, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - Derived: Probable The amended Penal Code provisions are chaptered criminal law.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 311.11(a) (as amended)any digitally altered or artificial-intelligence-generated matter that depicts a person under 18 years of age engaged in an act of sexual conduct, knowing that the matter depicts a person under 18 years of age engaged in an act of sexual conduct. - SB 1276 takes effect on the 1 January 2027 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - The Governor approved SB 1276 on 10 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - SB 1276 brings AI-generated matter depicting minors in sexual conduct within the offences, without a need to prove obscenity.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would broaden the above-described definition to include any digitally altered or artificial-intelligence-generated matter that depicts a person under 18 years of age engaged in an act of sexual conduct, as specified. - [SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 311.11(a) (as amended)any digitally altered or artificial-intelligence-generated matter that depicts a person under 18 years of age engaged in an act of sexual conduct, knowing that the matter depicts a person under 18 years of age engaged in an act of sexual conduct. - [SB 1276 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 192) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1276) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 311.11(b)(b) It is not necessary to prove that the matter is obscene in order to establish a violation of subdivision (a). - AB 1159 was approved by the Governor on 2026-09-10 as Chapter 182, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - Business and Professions Code section 22584 as amended is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22584(b)(5) (as amended)(5) Use covered information, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application to train a generative artificial intelligence system or service or develop an artificial intelligence system. - Derived: Probable The K-12 amendments take effect on the January 1, 2027 constitutional default and HESIPA becomes operative on July 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - [AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · HESIPA operative date22587.2. This chapter shall become operative on July 1, 2027. - The Governor approved the bill on 2026-09-10.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - AB 1159 bars operators from using covered student information to train generative AI or develop AI systems.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's Digestprohibit an operator from using covered information, as defined, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application to train a generative artificial intelligence system or service or develop an artificial intelligence system. - [AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22584(b)(5) (as amended)(5) Use covered information, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application to train a generative artificial intelligence system or service or develop an artificial intelligence system. - Derived: Probable A harmed student may recover the greater of actual damages or $500 per plaintiff, per violation after a 60-day notice and cure step.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Private right of action, relief(1) The greater of actual damages or five hundred dollars ($500) per plaintiff, per violation. - [AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Private right of action, notice and cure(1) At least 60 days before bringing an action pursuant to this section, a pupil shall do both of the following: - AB 1064 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|10/13/25|Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by Governor.| - [AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Assembly Bill 1064 without my signature. This bill would prohibit making a companion chatbot available to users under 18 years of age, unless the chatbot is not foreseeably capable of certain actions. - [AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageAB 1064 imposes such broad restrictions on the use of conversational AI tools that it may unintentionally lead to a total ban on the use of these products by minors. - AB 1064 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|10/13/25|Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by Governor.| - [AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Assembly Bill 1064 without my signature. This bill would prohibit making a companion chatbot available to users under 18 years of age, unless the chatbot is not foreseeably capable of certain actions. - [AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageAB 1064 imposes such broad restrictions on the use of conversational AI tools that it may unintentionally lead to a total ban on the use of these products by minors. - The Governor vetoed AB 1064 on 2025-10-13 because its restrictions could unintentionally lead to a total ban on minors' use of conversational AI tools.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|10/13/25|Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by Governor.| - [AB 1064 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageAB 1064 imposes such broad restrictions on the use of conversational AI tools that it may unintentionally lead to a total ban on the use of these products by minors. Open evidence ### 03High-Risk SystemsActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 1018 - Automated decision systems (no enactment evidenced) (Draft, no legal force): Automated decision systems accountability bill: passed the Assembly in 2025, was ordered to the Senate inactive file on 2025-09-13, returned from the inactive file on 2026-08-21, and its last recorded action is 2026-08-30 (read second time, ordered to third reading). 6 instruments · 13 obligations · 29 claims · Next: 1 Jan 2027 (ADMT compliance date for businesses already using ADMT for significant decisions) 6 instruments (6 current) · 13 obligations · 29 claims · 5 milestones Instruments - AB 1018 - Automated decision systems (no enactment evidenced) Draft, no legal forceAutomated decision systems accountability bill: passed the Assembly in 2025, was ordered to the Senate inactive file on 2025-09-13, returned from the inactive file on 2026-08-21, and its last recorded action is 2026-08-30 (read second time, ordered to third reading). No passage, signature or veto is recorded.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) - AB 1405 - AI Auditor Registry Adopted 2026-09-09; valid from 2027-01-01Requires the Government Operations Agency to establish an AI Auditor Registry by January 1, 2029 and bars unregistered persons from offering or conducting covered AI audits from that date.Binding · Authority: California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - CCPA regulations: automated decisionmaking technology (ADMT) and risk assessments In force since 2026-01-01CalPrivacy regulations effective January 1, 2026 requiring risk assessments for high-risk processing and giving consumers pre-use notice, opt-out and access rights for ADMT used in significant decisions, with ADMT compliance due by January 1, 2027.Binding · Authority: California Privacy Protection Agency (CalPrivacy), California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/ccpa_updates.html) - Civil Rights Council employment regulations on automated-decision systems In force since 2025-10-01Council regulations, effective October 1, 2025, clarifying how existing California antidiscrimination law applies to AI, algorithms and automated-decision systems in employment decisions.Binding · Authority: California Civil Rights Council, California Civil Rights Department · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/civilrightscouncil/rulemaking-actions/) - SB 1119 (Adam's Law) - Companion chatbots: children's safety Adopted 2026-09-10; valid from 2027-01-01Adds Business and Professions Code Chapter 21810 et seq.: companion chatbot operators must assess and mitigate child safety risks from July 1, 2027, obtain independent child safety audits by January 1, 2029, with public prosecutor penalties and a private right of action for harmed children.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General, Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 813 - Independent verification organizations Adopted 2026-09-09; valid from 2027-01-01Directs the Government Operations Agency to designate and regulate independent verification organizations (IVOs) that assess AI risk, with application requirements, criteria and suspension procedures due by January 1, 2028.Binding · Authority: California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 Obligations - Bus. & Prof. Code § 21812(a)Before making a new or substantially modified companion chatbot available, operators must perform and document a child-safety risk assessment and take measures to mitigate identified child safety risks.risk management · Applies to: provider · SB 1119 (Adam's Law) - Companion chatbots: children's safety - Bus. & Prof. Code § 21814(a)Operators must ensure an independent child safety audit by January 1, 2029 (or before first public availability if later) and every two years after, and before substantial modifications that increase child safety risk.conformity assessment · Applies to: provider · SB 1119 (Adam's Law) - Companion chatbots: children's safety - Gov. Code § 8898.1On or before January 1, 2028, the Government Operations Agency must develop IVO application requirements, procedures to suspend or terminate designations, and criteria for designating AI auditors as IVOs.authorisation · Applies to: other · SB 813 - Independent verification organizations - Gov. Code § 11549.82.5From January 1, 2029, no person may offer, sell or conduct a covered AI audit unless registered with the Government Operations Agency.registration · Applies to: other · AB 1405 - AI Auditor Registry - Gov. Code § 11549.82(a)No later than January 1, 2029 the Government Operations Agency must establish an AI Auditor Registry allowing auditors to register and natural persons to report misconduct.registration · Applies to: other · AB 1405 - AI Auditor Registry - 11 CCR §§ 7200, 7220Businesses using ADMT for significant decisions must provide a Pre-use Notice explaining the ADMT use and consumers' rights, and comply with Article 11 by January 1, 2027.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · CCPA regulations: automated decisionmaking technology (ADMT) and risk assessments - 11 CCR § 7221Businesses must give consumers the ability to opt out of ADMT use for significant decisions, unless a human appeal route with authority to overturn the decision is provided.human oversight · Applies to: deployer · CCPA regulations: automated decisionmaking technology (ADMT) and risk assessments - 11 CCR § 7222Businesses must provide plain-language information on the purpose and logic of ADMT use when responding to access requests.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · CCPA regulations: automated decisionmaking technology (ADMT) and risk assessments - 11 CCR § 7150(a)Businesses whose processing presents significant risk to consumer privacy must conduct a risk assessment before initiating that processing.risk management · Applies to: deployer · CCPA regulations: automated decisionmaking technology (ADMT) and risk assessments - Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision Systems (Civil Rights Council), operative text not openedEmployers and covered entities remain subject to existing antidiscrimination law when using AI, algorithms or automated-decision systems in employment decisions, as clarified by the regulations.other · Applies to: deployer · Civil Rights Council employment regulations on automated-decision systems - 2 CCR § 11009(f)Employers and other covered entities may not use an automated-decision system or selection criteria that discriminates against applicants or employees on a basis protected by FEHA, subject to available defenses; evidence of anti-bias testing is relevant to any claim or defense.prohibition · Applies to: deployer · Civil Rights Council employment regulations on automated-decision systems - 2 CCR § 11008(b)A person acting on behalf of an employer to exercise employer functions, including through an automated decision system (for example screening or hiring), is an agent and is also an employer for FEHA purposes.other · Applies to: provider · Civil Rights Council employment regulations on automated-decision systems - 2 CCR § 11013(c)Employers and covered entities must preserve personnel and employment records, expressly including selection criteria and automated-decision system data, for the period stated in the section.record keeping · Applies to: deployer · Civil Rights Council employment regulations on automated-decision systems Milestones - 1 Jan 2027ADMT compliance date for businesses already using ADMT for significant decisions UpcomingCCPA regulations: automated decisionmaking technology (ADMT) and risk assessments - 1 Jul 2027Companion chatbot child-safety risk assessment duties operative UpcomingSB 1119 (Adam's Law) - Companion chatbots: children's safety - 1 Jan 2028Government Operations Agency IVO framework due (statutory) UpcomingSB 813 - Independent verification organizations - 1 Jan 2029First independent child safety audit due UpcomingSB 1119 (Adam's Law) - Companion chatbots: children's safety - 1 Jan 2029AI Auditor Registry due and registration requirement begins UpcomingAB 1405 - AI Auditor Registry Claims and evidence (29) - SB 1119 was approved as Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 on September 10, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 190 headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - [WilmerHale - California finalizes next wave of state AI and privacy regulation (2026-10-05)](https://www.wilmerhale.com/en/insights/blogs/wilmerhale-privacy-and-cybersecurity-law/20261002-california-finalizes-next-wave-of-state-ai-and-privacy-regulation) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Opening sectionSB 1119 establishes additional protections for minors interacting with companion chatbots, including requirements for independent child safety audits for chatbot operators. - Derived: Probable SB 1119 imposes duties with AG and public prosecutor civil penalties.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21812(a)(1)Before making a new or substantially modified companion chatbot available to users in the state, an operator shall do all of the following: (1) Perform and document a comprehensive risk assessment related to the design, configuration, and operation of the companion chatbot with respect to child users - [SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21816(a)(1)(A)-(B)A civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) per affected child for each negligent violation. (B) A civil penalty of not more than fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) per affected child for each intentional violation. - SB 1119 amends SB 243 section 22602.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 190 titleAn act to amend Section 22602 of, and to add Chapter 11.6 (commencing with Section 21810) to Division 8 of, the Business and Professions Code, relating to artificial intelligence. - Section 21812 risk assessment duties become operative July 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jul 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21812(e)This section shall become operative on July 1, 2027. - First independent child safety audit due on or before January 1, 2029.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2029 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21814(a)(1)(A)(i)On or before January 1, 2029, or before an operator first makes a companion chatbot publicly available, whichever is later, an operator shall ensure the performance of a child safety audit. - SB 813 was approved as Chapter 179, Statutes of 2026 on September 9, 2026.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 9 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 813 (McNerney), Chapter 179, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB813) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 09, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 09, 2026. - [Governor Newsom signs first-in-the-nation AI safeguards (SB 813, AB 1405) (2026-09-09)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/09/governor-newsom-signs-first-in-the-nation-ai-safeguards-to-protect-californians-calls-on-the-federal-government-to-do-its-part/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Senator McNerney quotationGov. Newsom's signing of SB 813 sends a clear message that California is taking the lead on assessing AI's safety risks - Derived: Probable SB 813 imposes mandatory deadlines on the Government Operations Agency.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 813 (McNerney), Chapter 179, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB813) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 8898.1On or before January 1, 2028, the agency shall do all of the following: - The Government Operations Agency must, on or before January 1, 2028, develop IVO application requirements, suspension procedures and designation criteria.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2028 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 813 (McNerney), Chapter 179, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB813) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 8898.1On or before January 1, 2028, the agency shall do all of the following: - AB 1405 was approved as Chapter 178, Statutes of 2026 on September 9, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 9 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1405, Chapter 178, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1405) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 09, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 09, 2026. - AB 1405 prohibits unregistered covered AI audits from 2029-01-01.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2029 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1405, Chapter 178, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1405) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 11549.82.5Beginning January 1, 2029, a person shall not offer, sell, or conduct a covered AI audit unless the person is registered with the agency pursuant to this chapter. - The AI auditor registration requirement applies from January 1, 2029.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2029 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1405, Chapter 178, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1405) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 11549.82.5Beginning January 1, 2029, a person shall not offer, sell, or conduct a covered AI audit unless the person is registered with the agency pursuant to this chapter. - The CPPA Board adopted ADMT, risk-assessment and cybersecurity-audit regulations on 24 July 2025, effective 1 January 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CalPrivacy - CCPA updates, cybersecurity audits, risk assessments, ADMT and insurance regulations](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/ccpa_updates.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Page introductionOn July 24, 2025, the California Privacy Protection Agency (Agency) Board adopted regulations that (1) updated existing CCPA regulations; (2) implemented requirements for certain businesses to conduct risk assessments and complete annual cybersecurity audits; (3) implemented consumers' rights to access and opt–out of businesses' use of ADMT; and (4) clarified when insurance companies must comply with the CCPA. - [CalPrivacy - CCPA updates, cybersecurity audits, risk assessments, ADMT and insurance regulations](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/ccpa_updates.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Status blockEffective Date: January 1, 2026 Status of the Proposal: The rulemaking is complete. - The ADMT regulations are binding rules under the CCPA.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7200(a)A business that uses ADMT to make a significant decision concerning a consumer must comply with the requirements of this Article. - [About CalPrivacy (CPPA)](https://cppa.ca.gov/about_us/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · About CalPrivacy, opening paragraphThe California Privacy Rights Act established a new agency, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) to implement and enforce the law. - Derived: Probable The CCPA ADMT, risk-assessment and cybersecurity-audit regulations took effect 1 January 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CalPrivacy - CCPA updates, cybersecurity audits, risk assessments, ADMT and insurance regulations](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/ccpa_updates.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Status blockEffective Date: January 1, 2026 Status of the Proposal: The rulemaking is complete. - Derived: Probable Businesses already using ADMT for significant decisions must be in full Article 11 compliance by 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7200(b)A business that uses ADMT for a significant decision prior to January 1, 2027, must be in compliance with the requirements of this Article no later than January 1, 2027. - ADMT used for a significant decision requires a pre-use notice, an opt-out or human-appeal route, and transparency on access request.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7001 (definition of significant decision)means a decision that results in the provision or denial of financial or lending services, housing, education enrollment or opportunities, employment or independent contracting opportunities or compensation, or healthcare services. - [CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7220(a)A business that uses ADMT as set forth in section 7200, subsection (a), must provide consumers with a Pre-use Notice. - [CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7221(a)A business must provide consumers with the ability to opt-out of the use of ADMT to make a significant decision concerning the consumer, except as set forth in subsection (b). - [CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7222(a)A business that uses ADMT to make a significant decision must provide a consumer with information about this use when responding to a consumer’s request to access ADMT. - The ADMT regulations cover automated decisionmaking technology used for significant decisions.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7200(a)A business that uses ADMT to make a significant decision concerning a consumer must comply with the requirements of this Article. - [CCPA statute and regulations (effective January 1, 2026), incl. Articles 10-11 (risk assessments, ADMT)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/ccpa_statute_eff_20260101.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 11 CCR § 7001 (definition of significant decision)means a decision that results in the provision or denial of financial or lending services, housing, education enrollment or opportunities, employment or independent contracting opportunities or compensation, or healthcare services. - The California Privacy Protection Agency enforces the ADMT regulations.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[About CalPrivacy (CPPA)](https://cppa.ca.gov/about_us/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · About CalPrivacy, opening paragraphThe California Privacy Rights Act established a new agency, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) to implement and enforce the law. - Derived: Probable CalPrivacy may impose an administrative fine of up to $2,500 per violation, or $7,500 per intentional violation, for CCPA violations the ADMT regulations implement.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 as amended (CalPrivacy statutory text)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/cppa_act.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.155(a)Any business, service provider, contractor, or other person that violates this title shall be liable for an administrative fine of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars - [California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 as amended (CalPrivacy statutory text)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/cppa_act.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.155(a)($2,500) for each violation or seven thousand five hundred dollars ($7,500) for each intentional violation - Derived: Probable The Attorney General may recover civil penalties of up to $2,500 per violation, or $7,500 per intentional violation, under the CCPA title.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Civil Code section 1798.199.90 - Attorney General civil penalties under the CCPA](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1798.199.90.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.199.90(a)shall be subject to an injunction and liable for a civil penalty of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) for each violation or seven thousand five hundred dollars ($7,500) for each intentional violation - [Cal. Civil Code section 1798.199.90 - Attorney General civil penalties under the CCPA](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1798.199.90.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.199.90(a)which shall be assessed and recovered in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General. - The Civil Rights Council's automated-decision-system employment regulations were filed 27 June 2025 and took effect 1 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council - rulemaking actions (ADS employment regulations)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/civilrightscouncil/rulemaking-actions/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civil Rights Council's Modifications to Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision SystemsThe Council's Employment Regulations Regarding Automated Decision Systems have been approved by the Office of Administrative Law and were filed with the Secretary of State on June 27, 2025. The effective date of the regulations is October 1, 2025. - [Civil Rights Council secures approval for regulations on employment discrimination related to AI (2025-06-30)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/2025/06/30/civil-rights-council-secures-approval-for-regulations-to-protect-against-employment-discrimination-related-to-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release, opening paragraphsThe newly approved regulations provide increased clarity on how existing antidiscrimination laws apply to the use of artificial intelligence in employment decisions. - The FEHA automated-decision-system employment regulations are binding, having been approved by the Office of Administrative Law.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council - rulemaking actions (ADS employment regulations)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/civilrightscouncil/rulemaking-actions/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civil Rights Council's Modifications to Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision SystemsThe Council's Employment Regulations Regarding Automated Decision Systems have been approved by the Office of Administrative Law and were filed with the Secretary of State on June 27, 2025. The effective date of the regulations is October 1, 2025. - Derived: Probable The FEHA ADS employment regulations took effect 1 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council - rulemaking actions (ADS employment regulations)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/civilrightscouncil/rulemaking-actions/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civil Rights Council's Modifications to Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision SystemsThe Council's Employment Regulations Regarding Automated Decision Systems have been approved by the Office of Administrative Law and were filed with the Secretary of State on June 27, 2025. The effective date of the regulations is October 1, 2025. - [Civil Rights Council secures approval for regulations on employment discrimination related to AI (2025-06-30)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/2025/06/30/civil-rights-council-secures-approval-for-regulations-to-protect-against-employment-discrimination-related-to-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release, opening paragraphsThe newly approved regulations provide increased clarity on how existing antidiscrimination laws apply to the use of artificial intelligence in employment decisions. - The FEHA ADS employment regulations are scoped to employment decisions.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council secures approval for regulations on employment discrimination related to AI (2025-06-30)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/2025/06/30/civil-rights-council-secures-approval-for-regulations-to-protect-against-employment-discrimination-related-to-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release, opening paragraphsThe newly approved regulations provide increased clarity on how existing antidiscrimination laws apply to the use of artificial intelligence in employment decisions. - Using an automated-decision system that discriminates on a FEHA-protected basis is unlawful, with anti-bias testing evidence relevant to claims and defences.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council - Final Unmodified Text of Proposed Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision Systems (version 3/17/2025)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2025/03/Attachment-B-Final-Unmodified-Text-of-Proposed-Employment-Regulations-Regarding-Automated-Decision-Systems.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 2 CCR § 11009(f)It is unlawful for an employer or other covered entity to use an automated-decision system or selection criteria (including a qualification standard, employment test, or proxy) that discriminates against an applicant or employee or a class of applicants or employees on a basis protected by the Act, subject to any available defense. - [Civil Rights Council - Final Unmodified Text of Proposed Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision Systems (version 3/17/2025)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2025/03/Attachment-B-Final-Unmodified-Text-of-Proposed-Employment-Regulations-Regarding-Automated-Decision-Systems.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 2 CCR § 11009(f)Relevant to any such claim or available defense is evidence, or the lack of evidence, of anti-bias testing or similar proactive efforts to avoid unlawful discrimination, including the quality, efficacy, recency, and scope of such effort, the results of such testing or other effort, and the response to the results. - The regulation defines an automated-decision system as a computational process that makes or facilitates employment-benefit decisions, possibly using AI or machine learning.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council - Final Unmodified Text of Proposed Employment Regulations Regarding Automated-Decision Systems (version 3/17/2025)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2025/03/Attachment-B-Final-Unmodified-Text-of-Proposed-Employment-Regulations-Regarding-Automated-Decision-Systems.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · 2 CCR § 11008.1(a)“Automated-Decision System.” A computational process that makes a decision or facilitates human decision making regarding an employment benefit, as defined in section 11008(i) of these regulations. An Automated-Decision System may be derived from and/or use artificial intelligence, machine-learning, algorithms, statistics, and/or other data processing techniques. - AB 1018 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|08/30/26|Read second time. Ordered to third reading.| - [AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|09/13/25|Ordered to inactive file at the request of Senator Wiener.| - [AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|08/21/26|Read second time and amended. Ordered returned to second reading.| |08/21/26|Ordered to second reading.| |08/21/26|From inactive file.| - AB 1018 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|08/30/26|Read second time. Ordered to third reading.| - [AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|09/13/25|Ordered to inactive file at the request of Senator Wiener.| - [AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|08/21/26|Read second time and amended. Ordered returned to second reading.| |08/21/26|Ordered to second reading.| |08/21/26|From inactive file.| - The last recorded action on AB 1018 is 2026-08-30 (read second time, ordered to third reading); the history shows no veto.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|08/30/26|Read second time. Ordered to third reading.| - [AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|09/13/25|Ordered to inactive file at the request of Senator Wiener.| - [AB 1018 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1018) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|08/21/26|Read second time and amended. Ordered returned to second reading.| |08/21/26|Ordered to second reading.| |08/21/26|From inactive file.| Open evidence ### 04General-Purpose AIActive Derived: Probable▾# Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (Adopted 2026-06-02; entry into force not recorded): Federal executive order directing agencies to improve cyber defence, create a voluntary frontier-model deployment framework built on a classified cyber benchmark, and protect against criminal actors; states it does not authorise mandatory licensing or preclearance. 4 instruments · 5 obligations · 20 claims · Next: 16 Nov 2026 (GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor) 4 instruments (3 current) · 5 obligations · 20 claims · 4 milestones Instruments - Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security Adopted 2026-06-02; entry into force not recordedFederal executive order directing agencies to improve cyber defence, create a voluntary frontier-model deployment framework built on a classified cyber benchmark, and protect against criminal actors; states it does not authorise mandatory licensing or preclearance. It contains no text addressing state AI laws.Binding · Authority: The White House (President) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) - Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations In force since 2026-09-18Directs the Government Operations Agency to accelerate SB 813 and AB 1405 implementation (May 1, 2027 and December 1, 2027) and, with Cal OES, to recommend stronger frontier AI safeguards by November 16, 2026.Binding · Authority: California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) - Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) In force since 2026-01-01Requires large frontier developers to publish and follow a frontier AI framework, publish transparency reports, and report critical safety incidents to Cal OES, with Attorney General civil penalties up to $1,000,000 per violation.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) - SB 1047 - Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier AI Models (vetoed 2024) Vetoed 2024-09-29 Not currentFrontier-model safety bill that would have required developers and compute providers of large AI models to adopt safeguards and created a Board of Frontier Models; vetoed on 2024-09-29. SB 53 followed in 2025.Draft, no legal force · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) Obligations - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.12(a)-(b)Large frontier developers must write, implement, comply with and publish a frontier AI framework, review it annually and republish material modifications within 30 days.risk management · Applies to: provider · Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) - Order ¶ 1GovOps must complete Government Code section 8898.1 requirements and post IVO application requirements, procedures and criteria no later than May 1, 2027.authorisation · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 2GovOps must complete Government Code section 11549.82(a) requirements and begin the actions required by subdivision (b) no later than December 1, 2027.registration · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 3GovOps, with Cal OES, must submit recommendations on embedding IVOs onsite, verified frameworks, kill-switch requirements and incident definitions no later than November 16, 2026.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - EO 14409 Sec. 3(a)Within 60 days of the order, Treasury, War (through NSA) and Homeland Security (through CISA), in consultation with White House and Commerce officials, must develop and maintain a classified benchmarking process to assess AI models' advanced cyber capabilities and set the threshold for designating a covered frontier model; the section creates no mandatory licensing requirement.risk management · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security Milestones - 16 Nov 2026GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - 1 Jan 2027Department of Technology first annual recommendations on frontier definitions due UpcomingTransparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) - 1 May 2027GovOps completes Gov. Code section 8898.1 requirements (IVO application requirements and criteria) UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - 1 Dec 2027GovOps completes Gov. Code section 11549.82(a) requirements (AI Auditor Registry) UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations Claims and evidence (20) - SB 53 added Chapter 25.1 (TFAIA) to the Business and Professions Code, effective 2026-01-01.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.10This chapter shall be known as the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act. - Derived: Probable TFAIA is codified law with civil penalties.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.15(a)-(b)shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount dependent upon the severity of the violation that does not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000) per violation. (b) A civil penalty described in this section shall be recovered in a civil action brought only by the Attorney General. - TFAIA is effective January 1, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.10(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 138, Sec. 2. (SB 53) Effective January 1, 2026.) - A frontier model is a foundation model trained with more than 10^26 operations.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.11(i)(1)“Frontier model” means a foundation model that was trained using a quantity of computing power greater than 10^26 integer or floating-point operations. - A large frontier developer has more than $500,000,000 of annual gross revenues with affiliates.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.11(j)“Large frontier developer” means a frontier developer that together with its affiliates collectively had annual gross revenues in excess of five hundred million dollars ($500,000,000) in the preceding calendar year. - Derived: Probable Civil penalty does not exceed $1,000,000 per violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.15(a)-(b)shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount dependent upon the severity of the violation that does not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000) per violation. (b) A civil penalty described in this section shall be recovered in a civil action brought only by the Attorney General. - SB 53 applies to frontier models, a subset of foundation models.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.11(i)(1)“Frontier model” means a foundation model that was trained using a quantity of computing power greater than 10^26 integer or floating-point operations. - Large frontier developers must publish a frontier AI framework, review it at least annually, and republish material modifications within 30 days.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.12(a)A large frontier developer shall write, implement, comply with, and clearly and conspicuously publish on its internet website a frontier AI framework that applies to the large frontier developer’s frontier models and describes how the large frontier developer approaches all of the following: - Frontier developers must report critical safety incidents to Cal OES within 15 days of discovery, or within 24 hours to an appropriate authority where there is imminent risk of death or serious physical injury.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.13(c)(1)a frontier developer shall report any critical safety incident pertaining to one or more of its frontier models to the Office of Emergency Services within 15 days of discovering the critical safety incident. - The Department of Technology must assess and recommend updates to the definitions of frontier model and frontier developer on or before January 1, 2027 and annually thereafter.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.14(a)On or before January 1, 2027, and annually thereafter, the Department of Technology shall assess recent evidence and developments relevant to the purposes of this chapter - The Governor signed Executive Order N-9-26 on September 18, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of September 2026. - [Governor Newsom issues executive order on independent oversight and an AI kill switch (2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/18/governor-newsom-issues-executive-order-to-accelerate-independent-oversight-and-advance-the-creation-of-an-ai-kill-switch/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release leadGovernor Newsom today issued an executive order directing actions to address the dangers of recent AI incidents. - Binding on executive agencies; creates no enforceable private rights.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1No later than May 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of Section 8898.1 of the Government Code and develop application requirements, procedures, and criteria for independent verification organizations and publicly post them, as required by law. - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Closing paragraphThis Order is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity - GovOps must complete Gov. Code section 8898.1 requirements by May 1, 2027 and section 11549.82(a) requirements by December 1, 2027, and submit frontier AI safety amendment recommendations by November 16, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1No later than May 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of Section 8898.1 of the Government Code and develop application requirements, procedures, and criteria for independent verification organizations and publicly post them, as required by law. - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 2No later than December 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of subdivision (a) of Section 11549.82 of the Government Code - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 3shall, no later than November 16, 2026, submit to my office recommendations, developed in consultation with national experts, addressing the technical feasibility and potential efficacy of amendments to existing state laws regarding AI safety and security - EO N-9-26 signed 2026-09-18.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of September 2026. - Executive Order 14409 was issued on June 2, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · HeaderJune 2, 2026 Executive Order 14409 By the authority vested in me as President - The order directs federal agencies and states it does not authorise mandatory licensing of AI models.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3(a)develop and maintain a classified benchmarking process to assess the advanced cyber capabilities of AI models and determine the threshold at which an AI model should be designated a "covered frontier model" for the purposes of this order - [Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3(c)Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize the creation of a mandatory governmental licensing, preclearance, or permitting requirement for the development, publication, release, or distribution of new AI models, including frontier models. - EO 14409 sets up designation of covered frontier models and disclaims any mandatory licensing requirement.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3(a)develop and maintain a classified benchmarking process to assess the advanced cyber capabilities of AI models and determine the threshold at which an AI model should be designated a "covered frontier model" for the purposes of this order - [Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3(c)Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize the creation of a mandatory governmental licensing, preclearance, or permitting requirement for the development, publication, release, or distribution of new AI models, including frontier models. - [Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3Sec. 3. Secure Frontier Model Deployment. Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of War, through the Director of NSA, and the Secretary of Homeland Security, through the Director of CISA - SB 1047 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 29 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Governor Newsom veto message - SB 1047 (2024-09-29)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Veto message, openingSEP 2 9 2024 To the Members of the California State Senate: I am returning Senate Bill 1047 without my signature. - [Governor Newsom veto message - SB 1047 (2024-09-29)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Veto message, reasoningBy focusing only on the most expensive and large-scale models, SB 1047 establishes a regulatory framework that could give the public a false sense of security about controlling this fast-moving technology. - SB 1047 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 29 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Governor Newsom veto message - SB 1047 (2024-09-29)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Veto message, openingSEP 2 9 2024 To the Members of the California State Senate: I am returning Senate Bill 1047 without my signature. - [Governor Newsom veto message - SB 1047 (2024-09-29)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Veto message, reasoningBy focusing only on the most expensive and large-scale models, SB 1047 establishes a regulatory framework that could give the public a false sense of security about controlling this fast-moving technology. - The Governor vetoed SB 1047 on 2024-09-29, saying a model-size threshold could give the public a false sense of security.Confidence: Probable · As of 29 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Governor Newsom veto message - SB 1047 (2024-09-29)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Veto message, openingSEP 2 9 2024 To the Members of the California State Senate: I am returning Senate Bill 1047 without my signature. - [Governor Newsom veto message - SB 1047 (2024-09-29)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SB-1047-Veto-Message.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Veto message, reasoningBy focusing only on the most expensive and large-scale models, SB 1047 establishes a regulatory framework that could give the public a false sense of security about controlling this fast-moving technology. Open evidence ### 05Transparency & Synthetic ContentActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 1609 - Customer service chatbots (Adopted 2026-09-28; valid from 2027-01-01): Prohibits large private businesses from representing a customer service chatbot as human, requires disclosure and a human-contact customer service feature, with public prosecutor penalties. 18 instruments · 21 obligations · 77 claims · Next: 1 Jan 2027 (Large online platform and GenAI hosting platform duties begin) 18 instruments (17 current) · 21 obligations · 77 claims · 6 milestones Instruments - AB 1609 - Customer service chatbots Adopted 2026-09-28; valid from 2027-01-01Prohibits large private businesses from representing a customer service chatbot as human, requires disclosure and a human-contact customer service feature, with public prosecutor penalties.Binding · Authority: Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 2355 - Political Reform Act: AI disclosure in political advertisements Adopted 2024-09-17; valid from 2025-01-01Adds Government Code section 84514: committee-paid political advertisements containing AI-generated or substantially altered images, audio or video must carry a prescribed AI disclosure; enforced by the Fair Political Practices Commission under the Political Reform Act.Binding · Authority: California Fair Political Practices Commission · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) - AB 2655 - Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024 (enjoined as to X Corp. and Rumble) Adopted 2024-09-17; valid from 2025-01-01Requires large online platforms to block or label materially deceptive election content in specified periods and provide reporting procedures. On 2025-08-20 the Eastern District of California declared it preempted by 47 U.S.C. section 230 as applied to X Corp. and Rumble and permanently enjoined enforcement against them; the statute remains on the books.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) - AB 2713 - CAITA system provenance data amendments Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Revises large online platform provenance duties under CAITA, including the user interface for inspecting system provenance data.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 2839 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (2024; enjoined as to named plaintiffs) In force since 2024-09-17Urgency statute adding Elections Code section 20012 (120-day pre-election ban on malicious distribution of materially deceptive election content). On 2025-08-29 the Eastern District of California granted summary judgment to the plaintiff in Kohls v. Bonta and permanently enjoined enforcement against the named plaintiffs; AB 502 (2026) later amended section 20012.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) - AB 3030 - Health care services: generative AI patient communications Adopted 2024-09-28; valid from 2025-01-01Adds Health and Safety Code section 1339.75: health facilities, clinics and physician offices using generative AI for patient clinical communications must include an AI-generated disclaimer and instructions for reaching a human, unless a licensed provider read and reviewed the communication; physician violations fall to the medical boards.Binding · Authority: Health care professional licensing boards · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) - AB 502 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (replaces AB 2839) In force since 2026-09-19Urgency statute amending Elections Code section 20012: prohibits knowingly distributing, with malice, materially deceptive election content within 30 days before an election (and for election officials and voting equipment from 30 days before through 38 days after); exempts reasonable-person satire or parody; only the depicted individual may sue for injunction or damages.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB502) - AB 621 - Deepfake pornography (Civil Code section 1708.86) Adopted 2025-10-13; valid from 2026-01-01Amends Civil Code section 1708.86: extends the cause of action over sexually explicit deepfakes to those who knowingly facilitate or recklessly aid deepfake pornography services, presumes service providers liable if they do not stop within 30 days of evidence, raises statutory damages to $50,000 ($250,000 if malicious) and lets public attorneys sue.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General, Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) - AB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) Adopted 2025-10-13; valid from 2026-01-01Delays CAITA to August 2, 2026 and adds duties for large online platforms and GenAI hosting platforms from 2027 and for capture device manufacturers from 2028.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - California AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended In force since 2025-01-01Requires covered generative AI providers to offer a free verification tool and embed latent disclosures in AI-generated image, video and audio content; operative August 2, 2026 after AB 853 delayed it and then amended by SB 1000 and AB 2713.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 1000 - CAITA amendments (covered-provider threshold removed, disclosure verification tool) In force since 2026-09-30Deletes the 1,000,000-user threshold from the covered-provider definition, renames the detection tool a disclosure verification tool, drops the manifest-disclosure option and takes effect immediately as an urgency statute.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 1050 - Synthetic performers in advertising Adopted 2026-09-16; valid from 2027-01-01Makes it an unlawful advertising practice to publish an advertisement prominently including a synthetic performer without a clear and conspicuous disclosure.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 1111 - Digital replicas Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Extends the Civil Code section 3344 right of publicity to digital replicas and treats use of a digital replica with intent to impersonate as false impersonation.Binding · Authority: Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 243 - Companion chatbots In force since 2026-01-01Requires companion chatbot operators to disclose AI status, maintain a suicide and self-harm protocol, add protections for known minors and report annually to the Office of Suicide Prevention from July 1, 2027; private right of action.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243) - SB 361 - Data brokers: registration disclosure of sales to GenAI developers Adopted 2025-10-08; valid from 2026-01-01Amends the Delete Act data-broker registration: brokers must disclose whether in the past year they shared or sold consumers' data to a developer of a generative AI system, alongside other recipients; also adjusts fines for failure to register.Binding · Authority: California Privacy Protection Agency (CalPrivacy) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) - SB 524 - Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence (AI-generated police reports) Adopted 2025-10-10; valid from 2026-01-01Adds Penal Code section 13663: law enforcement agencies must keep a policy requiring AI-assisted official reports to carry an AI disclosure and the preparing officer's signature, retain the first draft and an audit trail, and bar contracted vendors from reusing agency data.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) - TAKE IT DOWN Act (Public Law 119-12) - notice and removal of nonconsensual intimate imagery including deepfakes Applies since 2026-05-19Federal statute requiring covered platforms to run a notice-and-removal process and remove reported nonconsensual intimate visual depictions, including digital forgeries, and known identical copies within 48 hours; platform duties enforceable by the FTC from 19 May 2026. Overlaps California Civil Code section 1708.86; no conflict found.Binding · Authority: U.S. Federal Trade Commission · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) - SB 11 - Artificial intelligence technology: digital replicas (vetoed 2025) Vetoed 2025-10-13 Not currentBill amending right-of-publicity and false-impersonation law for digital replicas and requiring AI tools to carry a liability warning hyperlink; vetoed on 2025-10-13 and the veto was sustained on 2026-03-02.Draft, no legal force · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) Obligations - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3Covered providers must embed a latent disclosure in image, video and audio content their GenAI system creates or alters, to the extent technically feasible.marking or watermarking · Applies to: provider · California AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.2Covered providers must make a no-cost disclosure verification tool available so users can assess whether content was created or altered by the provider's GenAI system.transparency disclosure · Applies to: provider · California AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.1From January 1, 2027, large online platforms must detect provenance data embedded in or attached to content they distribute.transparency disclosure · Applies to: other · AB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.2From January 1, 2027, a GenAI system hosting platform must not knowingly make available a GenAI system that does not place the required disclosures.prohibition · Applies to: distributor · AB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.3From January 1, 2028, capture device manufacturers must give users the option to include a latent disclosure, including the manufacturer name, in content captured by devices first produced for sale in the state on or after that date.marking or watermarking · Applies to: product manufacturer · AB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.2(a)Every covered provider (no user threshold) must make available a free disclosure verification tool, which may point to a compliant third-party tool.transparency disclosure · Applies to: provider · SB 1000 - CAITA amendments (covered-provider threshold removed, disclosure verification tool) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4.1Violation of the platform-provenance prohibition in section 22757.3(d) is subject to a $50,000 civil penalty per violation recoverable by the AG, a city attorney or county counsel.prohibition · Applies to: other · SB 1000 - CAITA amendments (covered-provider threshold removed, disclosure verification tool) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.1(a)Large online platforms must detect provenance data in distributed content and provide a user interface that reliably indicates whether content is GenAI-generated or capture-device captured.transparency disclosure · Applies to: other · AB 2713 - CAITA system provenance data amendments - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(a)-(b)Operators must issue a clear AI-disclosure notification where a user could be misled and must maintain and publish a protocol preventing suicide and self-harm content, with crisis-service referrals.transparency disclosure · Applies to: provider · SB 243 - Companion chatbots - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(c)For users known to be minors, operators must disclose AI status, notify at least every three hours to take a break, and reasonably prevent sexually explicit visual material.human oversight · Applies to: provider · SB 243 - Companion chatbots - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22626Large private businesses must not represent a customer service chatbot as human and must clearly disclose it is artificially generated where a reasonable person might otherwise be misled.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · AB 1609 - Customer service chatbots - Bus. & Prof. Code § 17610Advertisements that prominently include a synthetic performer must carry a clear and conspicuous disclosure of that fact.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · SB 1050 - Synthetic performers in advertising - Civ. Code § 3344; Penal Code § 540Using another person's voice or likeness, including a digital replica, without consent for commercial purposes is actionable, and using a digital replica to impersonate is false impersonation.prohibition · Applies to: other · SB 1111 - Digital replicas - Penal Code § 13663(a)-(b)Each law enforcement agency must maintain a policy requiring any official report generated fully or partly with AI to identify the AI program used, state that it was written with AI, and carry the signature of the preparing officer verifying it; the first AI draft must be retained as long as the report.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · SB 524 - Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence (AI-generated police reports) - Civ. Code § 1708.86A person may not knowingly facilitate or recklessly aid or abet the creation or disclosure of digitized sexually explicit material without consent; a provider of services enabling a deepfake pornography service that does not stop within 30 days of receiving sufficient evidence is presumed to be knowingly facilitating.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 621 - Deepfake pornography (Civil Code section 1708.86) - Elec. Code § 20012(b)(1)During the period set in subdivision (c) (30 days before an election; for election officials and voting equipment, 30 days before to 38 days after), a person may not with malice knowingly distribute an advertisement or election communication with materially deceptive content; satire and parody are excepted.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 502 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (replaces AB 2839) - Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)A health facility, clinic, physician's office or group practice using generative AI to generate patient clinical-information communications must include a disclaimer that the communication was AI-generated and clear instructions for contacting a human; communications read and reviewed by a licensed provider are exempt.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · AB 3030 - Health care services: generative AI patient communications - Gov. Code § 84514(a)A committee that creates, originally publishes or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement containing AI-generated or substantially altered image, audio or video must include a specified disclosure, displayed or spoken as prescribed for the medium.transparency disclosure · Applies to: other · AB 2355 - Political Reform Act: AI disclosure in political advertisements - Elec. Code Div. 20, Ch. 7 (§ 20510 et seq.)A large online platform must develop and implement procedures to identify and remove, and to label, reported materially deceptive election content in specified periods around a California election. Enjoined as applied to X Corp. and Rumble.other · Applies to: other · AB 2655 - Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024 (enjoined as to X Corp. and Rumble) - Elec. Code § 20012 (as added by AB 2839)A person, committee or entity may not knowingly distribute, with malice, an election advertisement or communication containing materially deceptive content within 120 days before an election (and in specified cases 60 days after), subject to exemptions. Enjoined as to the named plaintiffs in Kohls v. Bonta.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 2839 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (2024; enjoined as to named plaintiffs) - TAKE IT DOWN Act Sec. 3(a)(1), (3)A covered platform must establish a process for individuals to notify it of nonconsensual intimate visual depictions and must remove a depiction, and make reasonable efforts to remove known identical copies, within 48 hours of a valid request.other · Applies to: other · TAKE IT DOWN Act (Public Law 119-12) - notice and removal of nonconsensual intimate imagery including deepfakes Milestones - 19 May 2026Covered-platform notice and removal duties become enforceable MetTAKE IT DOWN Act (Public Law 119-12) - notice and removal of nonconsensual intimate imagery including deepfakes - 2 Aug 2026CAITA operative (delayed from 2026-01-01 by AB 853) MetCalifornia AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended - 1 Jan 2027Large online platform and GenAI hosting platform duties begin UpcomingAB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) - 1 Jul 2027First annual SB 243 reports to Office of Suicide Prevention begin UpcomingSB 243 - Companion chatbots - 1 Jul 2027Operators begin annual reports to the Office of Suicide Prevention UpcomingSB 243 - Companion chatbots - 1 Jan 2028Capture device manufacturer duties begin for devices first produced on or after this date UpcomingAB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) Claims and evidence (77) - SB 942 added the California AI Transparency Act (Bus. & Prof. Code ch. 25), effective 2025-01-01.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757(Added by Stats. 2024, Ch. 291, Sec. 1. (SB 942) Effective January 1, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, pursuant to Section 22757.6.) - Derived: Probable CAITA carries civil penalties enforced by the AG, city attorneys and county counsel.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757(Added by Stats. 2024, Ch. 291, Sec. 1. (SB 942) Effective January 1, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, pursuant to Section 22757.6.) - CAITA became operative on August 2, 2026 after AB 853 delayed it from January 1, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB853) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.6 as amended by AB 853This chapter shall become operative on August 2, 2026. - Original threshold: more than 1,000,000 monthly visitors or users (since deleted by SB 1000).Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.1(b) (pre-SB 1000 text)“Covered provider” means a person that creates, codes, or otherwise produces a generative artificial intelligence system that has over 1,000,000 monthly visitors or users and is publicly accessible within the geographic boundaries of the state. - Derived: Probable Civil penalty of $5,000 per violation, with each day a discrete violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4(a)(1)shall be liable for a civil penalty in the amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000) per violation to be collected in a civil action filed by the Attorney General, a city attorney, or a county counsel. - Latent disclosures in AI-generated image, video and audio content.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3 (pre-SB 1000 text)latent disclosure in AI-generated image, video, or audio content, or content that is any combination thereof, created by the covered provider’s GenAI system that meets all of the following criteria: - Covered providers must include a latent disclosure in AI-generated image, video or audio content and make a free tool available to check provenance.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3 (pre-SB 1000 text)latent disclosure in AI-generated image, video, or audio content, or content that is any combination thereof, created by the covered provider’s GenAI system that meets all of the following criteria: - AB 853 was chaptered as Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025, on October 13, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB853) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 674 headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - Derived: Probable AB 853 imposes statutory duties on platforms and manufacturers.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB853) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.6 as amended by AB 853This chapter shall become operative on August 2, 2026. - AB 853 approved by the Governor on October 13, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB853) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 674 headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - AB 853 amends CAITA.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB853) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.6 as amended by AB 853This chapter shall become operative on August 2, 2026. - SB 1000 was approved on September 30, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - Derived: Probable SB 1000 amends a binding statute and adds a $50,000 penalty.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would recast those provisions to, among other changes, delete the user threshold from the definition of “covered provider,” replace the term “AI detection tool” with “disclosure verification tool,” delete the above-described requirement of a covered provider to offer the user the option to include a manifest disclosure in content, and additionally require a covered provider to include in the above-described latent disclosure whether the GenAI system created or altered the content. - SB 1000 is an urgency statute that goes into immediate effect on approval.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - The user threshold no longer limits who is a covered provider.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would recast those provisions to, among other changes, delete the user threshold from the definition of “covered provider,” replace the term “AI detection tool” with “disclosure verification tool,” delete the above-described requirement of a covered provider to offer the user the option to include a manifest disclosure in content, and additionally require a covered provider to include in the above-described latent disclosure whether the GenAI system created or altered the content. - Derived: Probable Violators of section 22757.3(d) face $50,000 per violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4.1(a)(1)A violator of subdivision (d) of Section 22757.3 shall be liable for a civil penalty in the amount of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) per violation - SB 1000 amends CAITA.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would recast those provisions to, among other changes, delete the user threshold from the definition of “covered provider,” replace the term “AI detection tool” with “disclosure verification tool,” delete the above-described requirement of a covered provider to offer the user the option to include a manifest disclosure in content, and additionally require a covered provider to include in the above-described latent disclosure whether the GenAI system created or altered the content. - AB 2713 was approved on September 30, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2713) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would revise the duties and prohibitions applicable to a large online platform relating to artificial intelligence, including the requirement for allowing a user to inspect system provenance data. - Derived: Probable AB 2713 revises mandatory platform duties.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2713) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would revise the duties and prohibitions applicable to a large online platform relating to artificial intelligence, including the requirement for allowing a user to inspect system provenance data. - AB 2713 amends CAITA.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2713) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would revise the duties and prohibitions applicable to a large online platform relating to artificial intelligence, including the requirement for allowing a user to inspect system provenance data. - SB 243 added Chapter 22.6 (Companion Chatbots) to the Business and Professions Code, effective 2026-01-01.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22601(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 677, Sec. 1. (SB 243) Effective January 1, 2026.) - SB 243 duties are enforceable through a private right of action.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22601(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 677, Sec. 1. (SB 243) Effective January 1, 2026.) - [Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22605(b)Damages in an amount equal to the greater of actual damages or one thousand dollars ($1,000) per violation. - SB 243 took effect January 1, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22601(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 677, Sec. 1. (SB 243) Effective January 1, 2026.) - Operators must notify users that a companion chatbot is artificially generated where a reasonable person could be misled, and must maintain and publish a suicide and self-harm prevention protocol.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(a)If a reasonable person interacting with a companion chatbot would be misled to believe that the person is interacting with a human, an operator shall issue a clear and conspicuous notification indicating that the companion chatbot is artificially generated and not human. - [Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(b)(1)An operator shall prevent a companion chatbot on its companion chatbot platform from engaging with users unless the operator maintains a protocol for preventing the production of suicidal ideation, suicide, or self-harm content to the user - For users the operator knows are minors, operators must disclose AI status, give break reminders at least every three hours, and prevent sexually explicit visual material.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(c)(2)Provide by default a clear and conspicuous notification to the user at least every three hours for continuing companion chatbot interactions that reminds the user to take a break and that the companion chatbot is artificially generated and not human. - SB 243 was approved by the Governor on 2025-10-13 as Chapter 677, Statutes of 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 243 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 677) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - AB 1609 was approved on September 28, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1609) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2026. - [California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills](https://calawyers.org/privacy-law/2026-status-update-on-california-ai-privacy-and-other-technology-related-bills/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status chart, signed bills headerEffective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise) - Derived: Probable AB 1609 imposes prohibitions with civil penalties.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1609) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22626(a)A large private business shall not represent that a customer service chatbot is a human. - [AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1609) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22628(b)A large private business that violates this chapter shall be liable for a civil penalty not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000) for an initial violation, and ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each subsequent violation. - Derived: Probable AB 1609 takes effect on the default January 1, 2027 date per the CLA signed-bills chart.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1609) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2026. - [California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills](https://calawyers.org/privacy-law/2026-status-update-on-california-ai-privacy-and-other-technology-related-bills/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status chart, signed bills headerEffective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise) - SB 1050 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 16 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 16 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1050 (Ashby), Chapter 246, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1050) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 16, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 16, 2026. - Derived: Probable SB 1050 makes it an unlawful advertising practice to publish an advertisement prominently featuring a synthetic performer without a clear and conspicuous disclosure, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1050 (Ashby), Chapter 246, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1050) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would make it an unlawful advertising practice for a person to create and cause to be published in an advertising medium an advertisement that prominently includes a synthetic performer without a clear and conspicuous disclosure that the advertisement includes a synthetic performer. - SB 1111 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1111) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - Derived: Probable SB 1111 extends the Civil Code §3344 right of publicity to digital replicas and makes impersonation by digital replica a form of false impersonation under Penal Code §540, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1111) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would clarify that, for purposes of this cause of action, a voice or likeness includes a digital replica - [SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1111) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 540(a)false impersonation includes the use of a digital replica with the intent to impersonate another. - Penal Code section 13663 requires disclosure, signature, first-draft retention and an audit trail for AI-assisted police reports.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(a)(a) Each law enforcement agency shall maintain a policy to require an official report prepared by a law enforcement officer or any member of a law enforcement agency that is generated using artificial intelligence either fully or partially to contain both of the following: - [SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(a)(1)"This report was written either fully or in part using artificial intelligence." - [SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(b)(1)the first draft created shall be retained by the agency for as long as the official report is retained. - [SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(c)(c) The agency utilizing artificial intelligence to generate a first draft or official report shall maintain an audit trail for as long as the official report is retained - AB 621 was approved by the Governor on 13 October 2025 as Chapter 673, Statutes of 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - Derived: Probable Civil Code section 1708.86 as amended is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would make a person that provides a service that enables the ongoing operation of a deepfake pornography service presumed to be engaged in knowing facilitation or reckless aiding or abetting - AB 621 takes effect on the 1 January 2026 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - The Governor approved AB 621 on 13 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - AB 621 extends civil liability to those who facilitate deepfake pornography services and presumes service providers liable after 30 days' notice.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would make a person that provides a service that enables the ongoing operation of a deepfake pornography service presumed to be engaged in knowing facilitation or reckless aiding or abetting - [AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1708.86(a)(3)(3) "Deepfake pornography service" means an internet website, mobile application, or other service the primary purpose of which is to create digitized sexually explicit material. - Derived: Probable Statutory damages rise to $50,000, or $250,000 for a malicious violation, and public attorneys may sue.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would increase the maximum statutory damages available to a depicted individual to $50,000 if the violation was not malicious and $250,000 for a malicious violation and would authorize certain public attorneys to bring a civil action to enforce these provisions - SB 361 requires registered data brokers to report sales or sharing of consumer data to GenAI developers.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe bill would also require a data broker to provide information regarding whether, in the past year, the data broker shared or sold consumers' data to a foreign actor, as defined, the federal government, other state governments, law enforcement, as provided, or a developer of a GenAI system, as defined. - [SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.99.80 (definitions)"Generative artificial intelligence system" or "GenAI system" means an artificial intelligence that can generate derived synthetic content, including text, images, video, and audio, that emulates the structure and characteristics of the system's training data. - AB 502 was approved by the Governor on 19 September 2026 as Chapter 333, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB502) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 19, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 19, 2026. - Derived: Probable Elections Code section 20012 as amended is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB502) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Elec. Code § 20012(b)(1)shall not, during the time period set forth in subdivision (c), with malice, knowingly distribute an advertisement or other election communication containing materially deceptive content of any of the following: - AB 502 is an urgency statute and took effect immediately on approval on 19 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB502) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would declare that it is to take effect immediately as an urgency statute. - The Governor approved AB 502 on 19 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB502) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 19, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 19, 2026. - AB 3030 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-28 as Chapter 848, Statutes of 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - Health and Safety Code section 1339.75 is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)A health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice that uses generative artificial intelligence to generate written or verbal patient communications pertaining to patient clinical information shall ensure that those communications include both of the following: - Derived: Probable AB 3030 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-28.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - Section 1339.75 requires an AI disclaimer and human-contact instructions in AI-generated patient clinical communications, except where a licensed provider reviewed them.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)A health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice that uses generative artificial intelligence to generate written or verbal patient communications pertaining to patient clinical information shall ensure that those communications include both of the following: - [AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)(2)(2) Clear instructions describing how a patient may contact a human health care provider, employee of the health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group provider, or other appropriate person. - [AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe bill would exempt from this requirement a communication read and reviewed by a human licensed or certified health care provider. Under the bill, a violation of these provisions by a physician would be subject to the jurisdiction of the Medical Board of California or Osteopathic Medical Board of California, as appropriate. - AB 2355 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-17 as Chapter 260, Statutes of 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - Government Code section 84514 is chaptered law within the Political Reform Act.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would require a committee that creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement to include in the advertisement a specified disclosure that the advertisement was generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence, as defined. - Derived: Probable AB 2355 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-17.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - AB 2355 requires committees to disclose AI-generated or substantially altered content in political advertisements.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would require a committee that creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement to include in the advertisement a specified disclosure that the advertisement was generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence, as defined. - [AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 84514(a)(2)(2) The disclosure required by paragraph (1) shall be displayed or spoken in the manner prescribed in Section 84504, 84504.1, 84504.2, 84504.3, 84504.4, or 84504.5, as applicable. - The Fair Political Practices Commission administers and implements the Political Reform Act, including section 84514.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe Fair Political Practices Commission is charged with administering and implementing the act - AB 2655 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-17 as Chapter 261, Statutes of 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - AB 2655 is chaptered law, enjoined as applied to X Corp. and Rumble.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill, to be known as the Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024, would require a large online platform, as defined, to block the posting of materially deceptive content related to elections in California, during specified periods before and after an election. - Derived: Probable AB 2655 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-17.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - AB 2655 required large online platforms to block or label materially deceptive election content.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill, to be known as the Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024, would require a large online platform, as defined, to block the posting of materially deceptive content related to elections in California, during specified periods before and after an election. - [AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Elec. Code § 20513 (procedures)large online platform shall develop and implement procedures for the use of state-of-the-art techniques to identify and remove materially deceptive content if all of the following conditions are met: - Derived: Probable On 2025-08-20 the Eastern District of California entered judgment declaring AB 2655 preempted by section 230 as applied to X Corp. and Rumble and permanently enjoining its enforcement against them.Confidence: Uncertain · As of 20 Aug 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 98 - Order and Final Judgment (2025-08-20)](https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/caedce/2:2024cv02527/453046/98) T2 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Filing 98 docket textDECLARING that AB 2655 violates and is preempted by 47 U.S.C. § 230(c)(1), § 230(c)(2)(B), and § 230(e)(3), as-applied to X Corp. and Rumble; and PERMANENTLY ENJOINING Defendants from enforcing AB 2655, in its entirety, against X Corp. and Rumble. - AB 2839 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-17 as Chapter 262, Statutes of 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - AB 2839 added Elections Code section 20012 as chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would prohibit a person, committee, or other entity from knowingly distributing an advertisement or other election communication, as defined, that contains certain materially deceptive content, as defined, with malice, as defined, subject to specified exemptions. - AB 2839 is an urgency statute that took effect immediately on approval.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter titlerelating to elections, and declaring the urgency thereof, to take effect immediately. - The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-17.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024. - AB 2839 prohibited malicious distribution of materially deceptive election content within 120 days of an election.Confidence: Probable · As of 17 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would prohibit a person, committee, or other entity from knowingly distributing an advertisement or other election communication, as defined, that contains certain materially deceptive content, as defined, with malice, as defined, subject to specified exemptions. - Derived: Probable On 2025-08-29 the Eastern District of California permanently enjoined enforcement of AB 2839 against the named plaintiffs in Kohls v. Bonta.Confidence: Uncertain · As of 29 Aug 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 101 (order of 2025-08-29) - Justia docket](https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/caedce/2:2024cv02527/453046/101) T2 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Filing 101 docket textDefendants Rob Bonta and Shirley N. Weber and their agents, employees, public servants, officers and persons acting in concert with them are HEREBY PERMANENTLY ENJOINED from enforcing AB 2839 against the named Plaintiffs. - The TAKE IT DOWN Act was approved on May 19, 2025 as Public Law 119-12.Confidence: Probable · As of 19 May 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Public Law 119-12, enactment noteApproved May 19, 2025. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 146 - Derived: Probable Section 3 imposes mandatory notice-and-removal duties on covered platforms, enforced by the FTC.Confidence: Probable · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(a)(3)a covered platform shall, as soon as possible, but not later than 48 hours after receiving such request-- (A) remove the intimate visual depiction; and (B) make reasonable efforts to identify and remove any known identical copies of such depiction. - [Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(b)(1)A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act - Platform notice-and-removal duties apply from May 19, 2026, one year after enactment.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(a)(1)(A)Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, a covered platform shall establish a process whereby an identifiable individual - [FTC business guidance - Complying with the Take It Down Act (May 2026)](https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/complying-take-it-down-act) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · FTC guidance, openingThe Federal Trade Commission enforces Section 3 of the Take It Down Act (TIDA), effective May 19, 2026. - Covered platforms must remove reported intimate depictions and known identical copies within 48 hours of a request.Confidence: Probable · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(a)(3)a covered platform shall, as soon as possible, but not later than 48 hours after receiving such request-- (A) remove the intimate visual depiction; and (B) make reasonable efforts to identify and remove any known identical copies of such depiction. - Derived: Probable A platform failing to comply may face FTC civil penalties of $53,088 per violation.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(b)(1)A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act - [FTC business guidance - Complying with the Take It Down Act (May 2026)](https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/complying-take-it-down-act) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · FTC guidancePlatforms that violate the law may face FTC enforcement that could result in civil penalties of $53,088 per violation. - The Federal Trade Commission enforces the notice and takedown obligations as a violation of an FTC rule.Confidence: Probable · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(b)(1)A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act - SB 11 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Senate Bill 11 without my signature. This bill would amend existing statutes regarding the right of publicity and the crime of false impersonation to address situations involving digital replicas. - [SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageIn this case, however, it is unclear whether a warning would be sufficient to dissuade wrongdoers from using AI to impersonate others without their consent. For this reason, I cannot sign this bill. - SB 11 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Senate Bill 11 without my signature. This bill would amend existing statutes regarding the right of publicity and the crime of false impersonation to address situations involving digital replicas. - [SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageIn this case, however, it is unclear whether a warning would be sufficient to dissuade wrongdoers from using AI to impersonate others without their consent. For this reason, I cannot sign this bill. - The Governor vetoed SB 11 on 2025-10-13 saying it was unclear a warning would dissuade wrongdoers; the veto was sustained on 2026-03-02.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageIn this case, however, it is unclear whether a warning would be sufficient to dissuade wrongdoers from using AI to impersonate others without their consent. For this reason, I cannot sign this bill. - [SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB11) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|03/02/26|Veto sustained.| |03/02/26|Stricken from file.| Open evidence ### 06AI & Intellectual PropertyActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency (Applies since 2026-01-01): Requires developers of publicly available generative AI systems to post documentation about training data on their websites on or before January 1, 2026 and on each new or substantially modified release; under challenge in X.AI v. 3 instruments · 2 obligations · 15 claims 3 instruments (3 current) · 2 obligations · 15 claims · 1 milestone Instruments - AB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency Applies since 2026-01-01Requires developers of publicly available generative AI systems to post documentation about training data on their websites on or before January 1, 2026 and on each new or substantially modified release; under challenge in X.AI v. Bonta.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 412 - Generative AI training data: copyrighted materials (held in committee 2026) Draft, no legal forceBill on documentation of copyrighted training data; its last recorded action is being held under submission in committee on 2026-08-13. No enactment evidenced.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB412) - SB 361 - Data brokers: registration disclosure of sales to GenAI developers Adopted 2025-10-08; valid from 2026-01-01Amends the Delete Act data-broker registration: brokers must disclose whether in the past year they shared or sold consumers' data to a developer of a generative AI system, alongside other recipients; also adjusts fines for failure to register.Binding · Authority: California Privacy Protection Agency (CalPrivacy) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) Obligations - Civ. Code § 3111Developers must post documentation on their website about the data used to train a generative AI system or service, including a high-level summary of datasets, on or before 2026-01-01 and before each new or substantially modified public release.documentation · Applies to: provider · AB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency - Civ. Code § 1798.99.82 (as amended by SB 361)A registered data broker must provide registration information on whether, in the past year, it shared or sold consumers' data to a developer of a GenAI system, among other recipients.registration · Applies to: other · SB 361 - Data brokers: registration disclosure of sales to GenAI developers Milestones - 1 Jan 2026First AB 2013 training-data documentation due MetAB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency Claims and evidence (15) - AB 2013 was approved as Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2013 (Irwin), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2013) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 817 headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - Derived: Probable AB 2013 imposes a mandatory posting duty on developers; a preliminary injunction against it was denied.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2013 (Irwin), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2013) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 817 headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - Developers had to post training-data documentation on or before January 1, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2013 (Irwin), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2013) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 3111On or before January 1, 2026, and before each time thereafter that a generative artificial intelligence system or service, or a substantial modification to a generative artificial intelligence system or service, released on or after January 1, 2022, is made publicly available to Californians for use, - Developers must post a high-level summary of training datasets and related documentation on their website before each public release of a generative AI system or substantial modification.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2013 (Irwin), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2013) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 3111On or before January 1, 2026, and before each time thereafter that a generative artificial intelligence system or service, or a substantial modification to a generative artificial intelligence system or service, released on or after January 1, 2022, is made publicly available to Californians for use, - Applies to generative AI systems and services.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2013 (Irwin), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2013) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 3111the developer of the system or service shall post on the developer’s internet website documentation regarding the data used by the developer to train the generative artificial intelligence system or service - AB 2013 approved September 28, 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2013 (Irwin), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2024 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2013) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chapter 817 headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - The date of Ninth Circuit oral argument in X.AI LLC v. Bonta is disputed between November 18, 2026 (CAIDP notice) and July 16, 2026 (law-firm article).Confidence: Disputed · As of 18 Nov 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CAIDP - Training Data Transparency (AB 2013) case page](https://www.caidp.org/cases/training-data-transparency/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · News bannerNOTICE OF ORAL ARGUMENT *on Wednesday, November 18, 2026 - 09:30 A.M. - Courtroom 1 - Scheduled Location: Pasadena CA* - [Law Office of Shanen R. Prout - AI training data transparency: AB 2013 and xAI v. Bonta explained (2026-09-03)](https://srplawyer.com/2026/09/03/challenges-to-californias-attempt-to-regulate-ai-training-data-transparency-what-x-ai-v-bonta-means-for-californias-ab-2013/) T4 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Opening paragraphOn July 16, 2026, the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral argument in *X.AI LLC v. Bonta*, No. 26-1591 - SB 361 was approved by the Governor on 8 October 2025 as Chapter 466, Statutes of 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 08, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 08, 2025. - Derived: Probable Section 1798.99.82 as amended requires registered data brokers to make the disclosures.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe bill would also require a data broker to provide information regarding whether, in the past year, the data broker shared or sold consumers' data to a foreign actor, as defined, the federal government, other state governments, law enforcement, as provided, or a developer of a GenAI system, as defined. - SB 361 takes effect on the 1 January 2026 constitutional default; some provisions run from later dates stated in the text.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 08, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 08, 2025. - The Governor approved SB 361 on 8 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 08, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 08, 2025. - SB 361 requires registered data brokers to report sales or sharing of consumer data to GenAI developers.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe bill would also require a data broker to provide information regarding whether, in the past year, the data broker shared or sold consumers' data to a foreign actor, as defined, the federal government, other state governments, law enforcement, as provided, or a developer of a GenAI system, as defined. - [SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB361) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.99.80 (definitions)"Generative artificial intelligence system" or "GenAI system" means an artificial intelligence that can generate derived synthetic content, including text, images, video, and audio, that emulates the structure and characteristics of the system's training data. - AB 412 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 412 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB412) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|In committee: Held under submission.| - AB 412 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 412 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB412) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|In committee: Held under submission.| - AB 412 was held under submission in committee on 2026-08-13.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 412 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB412) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|In committee: Held under submission.| Open evidence ### 07Sectoral & Public-Sector AIActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 1043 - Digital Age Assurance Act (operating-system age-bracket signal) (In force from 2027-01-01): Adds the Digital Age Assurance Act (Civil Code section 1798.500 et seq.): from 1 January 2027 operating system providers must collect an age bracket at account setup and send an age-bracket signal to applications; the Attorney General may seek civil penalties. 24 instruments · 21 obligations · 87 claims · Next: 17 Nov 2026 (LWDA recommendations on California WARN Act updates due (180 days from the Order)) 24 instruments (21 current) · 21 obligations · 87 claims · 9 milestones Instruments - AB 1043 - Digital Age Assurance Act (operating-system age-bracket signal) In force from 2027-01-01Adds the Digital Age Assurance Act (Civil Code section 1798.500 et seq.): from 1 January 2027 operating system providers must collect an age bracket at account setup and send an age-bracket signal to applications; the Attorney General may seek civil penalties. SB 1119 relies on this signal for age assurance in AI chatbots.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) - AB 1159 - Student personal information (bar on using student data to train AI) Adopted 2026-09-10; valid from 2027-01-01Amends KOPIPA and ELPIPA so operators of school-purpose sites and services may not use covered student information to train a generative AI system or service or to develop an AI system; creates the Higher Education Student Information Protection Act (operative 1 July 2027); gives harmed students a private action with a 60-day notice and cure step.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) - AB 1331 - Workplace surveillance Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Adds Labor Code Part 5.8 limiting employer workplace surveillance tools, including a bar on surveillance in workplace bathrooms; defines AI and carves out only tools without embedded AI or audio/video capture; $500 per violation.Binding · Authority: Labor Commissioner (Division of Labor Standards Enforcement), Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) - AB 1979 - AI clinical decision support Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Requires health facilities, clinics and practices to ensure licensed providers retain independent professional judgment when care is informed by clinical decision support system output.Binding · Authority: Health care professional licensing boards · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 2392 - Public higher education generative AI procurement and training Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Requires California Community Colleges and CSU, and requests UC, to convene a working group on GenAI procurement standards and training, with recommendations by January 1, 2028.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 2545 - Report: labor force impact of artificial intelligence (held in committee 2026) Draft, no legal forceBill requiring a report on AI labour-force impacts; held under submission in committee on 2026-08-13. No enactment evidenced.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2545) - AB 3030 - Health care services: generative AI patient communications Adopted 2024-09-28; valid from 2025-01-01Adds Health and Safety Code section 1339.75: health facilities, clinics and physician offices using generative AI for patient clinical communications must include an AI-generated disclaimer and instructions for reaching a human, unless a licensed provider read and reviewed the communication; physician violations fall to the medical boards.Binding · Authority: Health care professional licensing boards · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) - AB 489 - AI systems implying healthcare licensure Adopted 2025-10-11; valid from 2026-01-01Extends health-profession title protections to developers and deployers of AI or GenAI that use protected terms or phrases implying a healthcare licence.Binding · Authority: Health care professional licensing boards · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - California Department of Insurance Bulletin 2022-5 (racial bias and unfair discrimination, including AI and algorithms) Published 2022-06-30Insurance Commissioner bulletin to insurers noting that greater use of AI, algorithms and other data models has increased complaints about unfair discrimination, and stating that adverse actions based on complex algorithms must come with specific reasons.Regulatory expectation · Authority: California Department of Insurance · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0300-insurers/0200-bulletins/bulletin-notices-commiss-opinion/upload/BULLETIN-2022-5-Allegations-of-Racial-Bias-and-Unfair-Discrimination-in-Marketing-Rating-Underwriting-and-Claims-Practices-by-the-Insurance-Industry.pdf) - California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies (courts) In force since 2025-09-01Requires each California court that does not prohibit generative AI use by court staff or judicial officers to adopt a use policy by December 15, 2025 that bars entering confidential data into public generative AI systems, bars unlawful discrimination, requires verification of output, and requires disclosure where public-facing work consists entirely of generative AI output.Binding · Authority: Judicial Council of California · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) - Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications In force since 2026-03-30Directs DGS and the Department of Technology to recommend, within 120 days, new certifications in state contracting for vendors to attest to safeguards against AI misuse.Binding · Authority: California Department of General Services, California Department of Technology · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) - Executive Order N-6-26 - AI and the workforce In force since 2026-05-21Directs state agencies on AI and the workforce: an EDD dashboard on AI employment impacts within 90 days; LWDA review of California WARN Act and displaced-worker safety nets within 180 days; LWDA reviews on collective bargaining and training programs and a GovOps report on directing a portion of AI-company revenue to public-good AI by 15 October 2026.Binding · Authority: Governor of California · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) - Proposed initiative 25-0036A1 - Child safety requirements for AI products, including chatbots Draft, no legal forceProposed initiative statute on child safety requirements for AI products including chatbots; title and summary issued 2026-02-10; no qualification evidence found and it is not on the 2026-06-25 certified ballot list.Authority: California Secretary of State · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://oag.ca.gov/initiatives/active-measures) - SB 1011 - Utility infrastructure AI safety and oversight (inactive file 2026) Draft, no legal forceUtility AI bill that was ordered to the inactive file on 2026-05-28 at the author's request; no enactment evidenced.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1011) - SB 1159 - Artificial intelligence: transparency and governance (public participation) Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Provides that AI systems and autonomous agents are not a "person" or "member of the public" under public-records, open-meeting and rulemaking statutes, and bars knowingly using AI to falsely represent that a person engaged with a government agency.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 503 - Health care services: artificial intelligence (bias in clinical decision support) Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Requires developers and deployers of clinical decision support systems to make reasonable efforts to identify and mitigate biased impacts in health programs or activities.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 524 - Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence (AI-generated police reports) Adopted 2025-10-10; valid from 2026-01-01Adds Penal Code section 13663: law enforcement agencies must keep a policy requiring AI-assisted official reports to carry an AI disclosure and the preparing officer's signature, retain the first draft and an audit trail, and bar contracted vendors from reusing agency data.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) - SB 574 - Attorneys, arbitrators and judicial officers: generative AI Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Bars attorneys from delegating the practice of law to generative AI, requires verification of AI output and protection of confidential information, and bars arbitrators from delegating decisionmaking to generative AI.Binding · Authority: State Bar of California · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 928 - California State University: faculty employees (human instructor of record) Adopted 2026-08-27; valid from 2027-01-01Adds Education Code section 89500.3: the instructor of record for a CSU course must be a person meeting the faculty-employee rule; CSU employees remain free to use AI tools to assist operations and services.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) - SB 947 - No Robo Bosses Act of 2026 (automated decision systems in the workplace) Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-07-01Bars employers from relying solely on an automated decision system for disciplinary or termination decisions, requires human corroboration and employee data access, operative July 1, 2027, with a $500 civil penalty per violation.Binding · Authority: Labor Commissioner (Division of Labor Standards Enforcement), Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - SB 951 - Employment: technological displacement notice (Cal/WARN) Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01Amends the Cal/WARN Act so that mass-layoff notices for layoffs caused substantially by AI or automation must state the displaced job functions and technology type; EDD must publish summaries and report to the Legislature by January 1, 2028.Binding · Authority: California Employment Development Department · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) - AB 2575 - Health care services: artificial intelligence (vetoed 2026) Vetoed 2026-09-30 Not currentBill on health-care worker override of clinical decision support output; passed both houses and was vetoed by the Governor on 2026-09-30. One law-firm veto list omitted it; the Legislature's history confirms the veto.Draft, no legal force · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) - SB 7 - Employment: automated decision systems (vetoed 2025) Vetoed 2025-10-13 Not currentBill on employer use of automated decision systems in employment decisions; vetoed by the Governor on 2025-10-13 and the veto sustained on 2026-03-02. Evidenced negative: no statute resulted.Draft, no legal force · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) - SB 903 - Mental health professionals: artificial intelligence (vetoed 2026) Vetoed 2026-09-30 Not currentBill that would have barred companion chatbots in psychotherapy services and restricted licensed professionals' AI use; vetoed by the Governor on 2026-09-30. Evidenced negative.Draft, no legal force · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB903) Obligations - Lab. Code § 1522(b)-(c)Employers must not rely solely on an ADS for disciplinary or termination decisions; where primarily relying on ADS output, a human must corroborate it, and uncorroborated or inaccurate output must not be used.human oversight · Applies to: deployer · SB 947 - No Robo Bosses Act of 2026 (automated decision systems in the workplace) - Health & Safety Code § 22758.5(a)Health facilities, clinics and physician offices must take reasonable steps to ensure licensed providers retain independent professional judgment when care is informed by a clinical decision support system.human oversight · Applies to: deployer · AB 1979 - AI clinical decision support - Health & Safety Code § 22758(a)(1)Developers and deployers must make reasonable efforts to identify clinical decision support systems with known or foreseeable risk of biased impacts in health programs or activities.risk management · Applies to: deployer · SB 503 - Health care services: artificial intelligence (bias in clinical decision support) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.8 et seq.Developers and deployers of AI or GenAI must not use terms, letters or phrases that falsely indicate or imply a healthcare licence in advertising or functionality.prohibition · Applies to: provider · AB 489 - AI systems implying healthcare licensure - Bus. & Prof. Code § 6068.1(a)Attorneys must not delegate the practice of law to generative AI, must not enter confidential or personal information into a generative AI system as specified, and must take reasonable steps to verify AI output accuracy.human oversight · Applies to: deployer · SB 574 - Attorneys, arbitrators and judicial officers: generative AI - Code Civ. Proc. § 1282.1(b)Arbitrators must not delegate any part of their decisionmaking process to a generative AI tool.prohibition · Applies to: deployer · SB 574 - Attorneys, arbitrators and judicial officers: generative AI - Educ. Code § 66098.1The CCC Chancellor's office and CSU must convene an intersegmental working group on GenAI procurement standards and training (UC is requested to), with recommendations due by January 1, 2028.other · Applies to: deployer · AB 2392 - Public higher education generative AI procurement and training - Gov. Code § 8319(a)No person may knowingly use AI to falsely represent that a natural person appeared before, submitted information to, or otherwise engaged with a governmental agency.prohibition · Applies to: other · SB 1159 - Artificial intelligence: transparency and governance (public participation) - Order ¶ 1DGS and CDT must submit to the Governor within 120 days recommendations for new certifications in state contracting on safeguards to protect public safety and prevent misuse of AI.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications - Lab. Code § 1401(d)(1)An employer giving Cal/WARN notice of a mass layoff, relocation or termination caused in whole or substantial part by AI or automation must include the layoffs due to automation, the job functions automated, the AI category, and a technology-displacement statement.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · SB 951 - Employment: technological displacement notice (Cal/WARN) - Lab. Code § 1401(d)(2)The Employment Development Department must publish a summary of technology-displacement notices on its website and a quarterly statewide summary.transparency disclosure · Applies to: other · SB 951 - Employment: technological displacement notice (Cal/WARN) - Lab. Code § 1402.7(b)The Employment Development Department must submit to the Legislature a report on AI effects on business hiring practices on or before January 1, 2028; the section is repealed January 1, 2029.documentation · Applies to: other · SB 951 - Employment: technological displacement notice (Cal/WARN) - Lab. Code § 1561(a)-(b)Employers may not use a workplace surveillance tool to monitor employees in a workplace bathroom, and employees may leave surveillance tools behind when entering a bathroom, subject to listed exceptions.prohibition · Applies to: deployer · AB 1331 - Workplace surveillance - Penal Code § 13663(a)-(b)Each law enforcement agency must maintain a policy requiring any official report generated fully or partly with AI to identify the AI program used, state that it was written with AI, and carry the signature of the preparing officer verifying it; the first AI draft must be retained as long as the report.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · SB 524 - Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence (AI-generated police reports) - Penal Code § 13663(c)-(d)The agency must keep an audit trail identifying who used AI and the footage used; a contracted vendor may not share, sell or otherwise use agency data processed by AI except for the agency's purposes or under court order.record keeping · Applies to: deployer · SB 524 - Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence (AI-generated police reports) - Civ. Code § 1798.501(a)An operating system provider must provide an accessible interface at account setup requiring the account holder to indicate the user's birth date or age and must provide developers who request it a real-time age-bracket signal.other · Applies to: other · AB 1043 - Digital Age Assurance Act (operating-system age-bracket signal) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22584(b)(5) (as amended)An operator, or an entity working on its behalf, of a site, service or application used and designed for school purposes may not use covered student information, including persistent unique identifiers, to train a generative AI system or service or to develop an AI system.prohibition · Applies to: provider · AB 1159 - Student personal information (bar on using student data to train AI) - Ed. Code § 89500.3(b), (d)The instructor of record for a CSU course must be a person who meets the faculty-employee rule; the section does not prohibit CSU employees from using AI tools to assist operations or student services.human oversight · Applies to: deployer · SB 928 - California State University: faculty employees (human instructor of record) - Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)A health facility, clinic, physician's office or group practice using generative AI to generate patient clinical-information communications must include a disclaimer that the communication was AI-generated and clear instructions for contacting a human; communications read and reviewed by a licensed provider are exempt.transparency disclosure · Applies to: deployer · AB 3030 - Health care services: generative AI patient communications - Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(b)-(d)A court that does not prohibit generative AI use by court staff or judicial officers must adopt a use policy by December 15, 2025 that prohibits entering confidential or personal data into public generative AI systems, prohibits unlawful discrimination, requires reasonable verification of output, and requires disclosure when public-facing work consists entirely of generative AI output.risk management · Applies to: deployer · California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies (courts) - EO N-6-26 paras. 4, 5 and 9LWDA must review collective bargaining and new technologies, and review workforce training programs, and GovOps must provide the Governor with options on public-good AI incentives, in each case no later than October 15, 2026.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-6-26 - AI and the workforce Milestones - 15 Dec 2025Court generative AI use policies must be adopted Status not recordedCalifornia Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies (courts) - 28 Jul 2026 (conditional)DGS/CDT procurement certification recommendations due (120 days from 2026-03-30; date derived) Status not recordedExecutive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications - 19 Aug 2026EDD AI employment-impact dashboard due (90 days from the Order) Status not recordedExecutive Order N-6-26 - AI and the workforce - 15 Oct 2026LWDA, GovOps reports due to the Governor Date passed since research; not re-checkedExecutive Order N-6-26 - AI and the workforce - 17 Nov 2026LWDA recommendations on California WARN Act updates due (180 days from the Order) UpcomingExecutive Order N-6-26 - AI and the workforce - 1 Jan 2027Operating-system age-bracket signal duties begin UpcomingAB 1043 - Digital Age Assurance Act (operating-system age-bracket signal) - 1 Jul 2027SB 947 operative UpcomingSB 947 - No Robo Bosses Act of 2026 (automated decision systems in the workplace) - 1 Jan 2028Intersegmental GenAI procurement and training recommendations due UpcomingAB 2392 - Public higher education generative AI procurement and training - 1 Jan 2028EDD report to the Legislature on AI effects on hiring due UpcomingSB 951 - Employment: technological displacement notice (Cal/WARN) Claims and evidence (87) - SB 947 was approved as Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 on September 30, 2026.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - [Governor Newsom signs more AI worker protections and other bills (2026-09-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/30/californias-nation-leading-ai-framework-just-got-stronger-governor-newsom-signs-more-first-in-the-nation-worker-protections-and-more/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · List of signed billsSB 947 by Senator Jerry McNerney (D-Pleasanton) — Employment: automated decision systems. - SB 947 prohibits sole reliance on ADS with civil penalties.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jul 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1522(b)(1)An employer shall not rely solely on an ADS when making a disciplinary or termination decision. - [SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1526.1(e)An employer who violates this part shall be subject to a civil penalty of five hundred dollars ($500) per violation. - The part becomes operative on July 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jul 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1526.7This part shall become operative on July 1, 2027. - Employment disciplinary and termination decisions.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jul 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1522(b)(1)An employer shall not rely solely on an ADS when making a disciplinary or termination decision. - AB 1979 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1979 (Bonta), Chapter 854, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1979) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - Derived: Probable AB 1979 requires health facilities, clinics and physician offices to take reasonable steps to preserve a licensed provider's independent professional judgment where care is informed by a clinical decision support system, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1979 (Bonta), Chapter 854, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1979) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Safety Code § 22758.5(a) (as codified in bill text)shall take reasonable steps to ensure that a licensed health care provider, acting within their scope of practice, retains the ability to exercise independent professional judgment in their care of a patient - AB 1979 is scoped to clinical decision support in healthcare settings.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1979 (Bonta), Chapter 854, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1979) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would require a health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice to take reasonable steps to ensure that a licensed health care professional, acting within their scope of practice, retains the ability to exercise independent professional judgment in their care of a patient whenever that care is informed by the output of a clinical decision support system, as defined. - SB 503 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 503 (Weber Pierson), Chapter 857, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB503) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - Derived: Probable SB 503 requires developers and deployers of clinical decision support systems to make reasonable efforts to identify and mitigate biased health-programme impacts, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 503 (Weber Pierson), Chapter 857, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB503) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Safety Code § 22758(a)(1) (as codified in bill text)Developers and deployers shall make reasonable efforts to identify clinical decision support systems developed for use by deployers that are known or have a reasonably foreseeable risk of biased impacts resulting from deployment of the system in health programs or activities. - SB 503 is scoped to health programs and activities.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 503 (Weber Pierson), Chapter 857, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB503) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Safety Code § 22758(a)(1) (as codified in bill text)Developers and deployers shall make reasonable efforts to identify clinical decision support systems developed for use by deployers that are known or have a reasonably foreseeable risk of biased impacts resulting from deployment of the system in health programs or activities. - AB 489 was approved as Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 on 11 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 11, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 11, 2025. - Derived: Probable AB 489 extends existing health-profession title-protection prohibitions to AI and generative-AI developers and deployers using terms that falsely imply a healthcare licence, in force since 1 January 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would make provisions of law that prohibit the use of specified terms, letters, or phrases to falsely indicate or imply possession of a license or certificate to practice a health care profession, as defined, enforceable against an entity who develops or deploys artificial intelligence (AI) or generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technology - [AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.9(a)(1)A violation of this chapter is subject to the jurisdiction of the appropriate health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency. - SB 574 was approved as Chapter 858, Statutes of 2026 on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 574 (Umberg), Chapter 858, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB574) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - [Governor Newsom signs more AI worker protections and other bills (2026-09-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/30/californias-nation-leading-ai-framework-just-got-stronger-governor-newsom-signs-more-first-in-the-nation-worker-protections-and-more/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · List of signed billsSB 574 Senator Thomas Umberg (D-Santa Ana) — Attorneys, arbitrators, judicial officers, and alternative resolution providers. - Derived: Probable SB 574 bars attorneys from delegating the practice of law to generative AI and bars arbitrators from delegating decisionmaking to generative AI, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 574 (Umberg), Chapter 858, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB574) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 6068.1(a)(2)An attorney shall not delegate the practice of law to generative artificial intelligence. - [SB 574 (Umberg), Chapter 858, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB574) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Code Civ. Proc. § 1282.1(b)(1)An arbitrator shall not delegate any part of their decisionmaking process to any generative artificial intelligence tool. - SB 574 is scoped to legal practice and arbitration.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 574 (Umberg), Chapter 858, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB574) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would prohibit an attorney from delegating the practice of law to generative artificial intelligence. - AB 2392 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2392, Chapter 855, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2392) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - AB 2392 requires the CCC Chancellor's office and CSU, and requests UC, to convene a generative-AI procurement and training working group, with recommendations due 1 January 2028.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2392, Chapter 855, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2392) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would require the office of the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges and the California State University, and would request the University of California, to (1) as specified, jointly convene and participate in an intersegmental working group - SB 1159 was approved as Chapter 863, Statutes of 2026 on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1159 (Cabaldon), Chapter 863, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - Derived: Probable SB 1159 provides that AI systems and autonomous agents are not a "person" or "member of the public" under public-records, open-meeting and rulemaking statutes, and bars knowingly using AI to falsely represent that a person engaged with a government agency, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1159 (Cabaldon), Chapter 863, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 8319(a)A person shall not knowingly use artificial intelligence to falsely represent that a natural person appeared before, submitted information to, or otherwise engaged with a governmental agency. - [SB 1159 (Cabaldon), Chapter 863, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 11121.5(a)do not include artificial intelligence systems, autonomous agents, or robots, whether physical or digital. - Executive Order N-5-26 was signed on March 30, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement (signed 2026-03-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 30th day of March 2026. - Binding on named state departments.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement (signed 2026-03-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1Within 120 days of the issuance of this Order, the Department of General Services (DGS) and the Department of Technology (CDT) shall submit recommendations to the Governor for new certifications that may be incorporated into state contracting processes - DGS and CDT must submit recommendations on new state-contracting certifications within 120 days of the Order.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement (signed 2026-03-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1Within 120 days of the issuance of this Order, the Department of General Services (DGS) and the Department of Technology (CDT) shall submit recommendations to the Governor for new certifications that may be incorporated into state contracting processes - The Attorney General issued title and summary for initiative 25-0036A1 on February 10, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Feb 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Attorney General - active initiative measures (titles and summaries)](https://oag.ca.gov/initiatives/active-measures) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Measure 25-0036A1 row25-0036A1|CHILD SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) PRODUCTS, INCLUDING CHATBOTS. INITIATIVE STATUTE. Title and Summary Issued on February 10, 2026 - The measure has no force and is not on the June 25, 2026 certified list.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 25 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Attorney General - active initiative measures (titles and summaries)](https://oag.ca.gov/initiatives/active-measures) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Measure 25-0036A1 row25-0036A1|CHILD SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) PRODUCTS, INCLUDING CHATBOTS. INITIATIVE STATUTE. Title and Summary Issued on February 10, 2026 - [Secretary of State - measures certified for the November 3, 2026 General Election ballot](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/california-secretary-state-shirley-n-weber-phd-certifies-measures-november-3-2026-general-election-ballot) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release PR26-96 openingannounced that 14 measures have qualified for the November 3, 2026, General Election ballot. - SB 951 was approved by the Governor on 2026-09-30 as Chapter 860, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - [SB 951 bill status (chaptered)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, historyChaptered by Secretary of State. Chapter 860, Statutes of 2026. - [Governor Newsom signs more AI worker protections and other bills (2026-09-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/30/californias-nation-leading-ai-framework-just-got-stronger-governor-newsom-signs-more-first-in-the-nation-worker-protections-and-more/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · List of signed billsSB 951 by Senator Eloise Gómez Reyes (D-Colton) — Employment: technological displacement: notice - SB 951 is chaptered law amending the Labor Code.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1401(d)(1)An employer required to give notice of a mass layoff, relocation, or termination caused in whole or in substantial part by an AI system or other automated technology replacing or automating employment positions shall additionally include in the notice all of the following information: - [SB 951 bill status (chaptered)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, historyChaptered by Secretary of State. Chapter 860, Statutes of 2026. - Earliest provisions take effect January 1, 2027, per the statutory default and a law-association chart; some provisions later.Confidence: Probable · As of 5 Oct 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills](https://calawyers.org/privacy-law/2026-status-update-on-california-ai-privacy-and-other-technology-related-bills/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status chartSB 951 (Reyes)|Employment: Technological Displacement Notice Earliest provisions effective January 1, 2027, some provisions effective at a later date - [SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - Employers giving Cal/WARN notice of an AI-caused mass layoff must add AI displacement details and a technology-displacement statement to the notice.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1401(d)(1)An employer required to give notice of a mass layoff, relocation, or termination caused in whole or in substantial part by an AI system or other automated technology replacing or automating employment positions shall additionally include in the notice all of the following information: - [SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1401(d)(1)(B)The job functions performed by those replaced workers that will be automated by AI or other automated technology. - [SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1401(d)(1)(D)The notice shall include the statement “This notice is for a technology displacement” at the top of the notice. - Derived: Probable The digest states existing law subjects an employer failing to give Cal/WARN notice to a civil penalty of not more than $500 per day.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 951 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 860)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB951) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestExisting law makes an employer who fails to give specified notice regarding a mass layoff, relocation, or termination subject to a civil penalty of not more than $500 for each day of the employer’s violation. - AB 1331 was approved by the Governor on 2026-09-30 as Chapter 851, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - [AB 1331 bill status (chaptered)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, historyChaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 851, Statutes of 2026. - [Governor Newsom signs more AI worker protections and other bills (2026-09-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/30/californias-nation-leading-ai-framework-just-got-stronger-governor-newsom-signs-more-first-in-the-nation-worker-protections-and-more/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · List of signed billsAB 1331 by Assemblymember Sade Elhawary (D-South Los Angeles) -–- Workplace surveillance - AB 1331 is chaptered law adding Labor Code Part 5.8.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1561(a)Unless directed by a court order, an employer shall not use a workplace surveillance tool to monitor or surveil employees in a bathroom located in the workplace. - [AB 1331 bill status (chaptered)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, historyChaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 851, Statutes of 2026. - Takes effect on the statutory default date of January 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 5 Oct 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026. - [California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills](https://calawyers.org/privacy-law/2026-status-update-on-california-ai-privacy-and-other-technology-related-bills/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status chart, signed bills headerEffective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise) - Employers may not use workplace surveillance tools to monitor employees in a workplace bathroom unless directed by court order.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1561(a)Unless directed by a court order, an employer shall not use a workplace surveillance tool to monitor or surveil employees in a bathroom located in the workplace. - Derived: Probable An employer violating Part 5.8 may be subject to a penalty of up to $500 per violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1563(d)an employer who violates this part may be subject to a penalty of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each violation. - The Labor Commissioner and public prosecutors may enforce the Part.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1563(a)The Labor Commissioner may enforce this part, including investigating an alleged violation - [AB 1331 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 851) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1331) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1563(b)This part may also be enforced by a public prosecutor pursuant to Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 180) of Division 1. - SB 7 (employment automated decision systems) passed the Legislature and was vetoed on 2025-10-13.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 7 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|03/02/26|Veto sustained.| |03/02/26|Stricken from file.| |10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 7 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Senate Bill 7 without my signature. This bill would establish new rules for employers using automated decision systems (ADS) to make employment-related decisions. - SB 7 has no force: the Governor vetoed it and the veto was sustained on 2026-03-02.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 7 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|03/02/26|Veto sustained.| |03/02/26|Stricken from file.| |10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 7 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Senate Bill 7 without my signature. This bill would establish new rules for employers using automated decision systems (ADS) to make employment-related decisions. - The Governor vetoed SB 7 on 2025-10-13, citing forthcoming CPPA regulations and the need to assess their efficacy first.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Oct 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 7 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|03/02/26|Veto sustained.| |03/02/26|Stricken from file.| |10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 7 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB7) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageBefore enacting new legislation in this space, we should assess the efficacy of these regulations to address these concerns. - SB 903 passed the Legislature and was vetoed by the Governor on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 903 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB903) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|09/30/26|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |09/30/26|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 903 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB903) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Senate Bill 903 without my signature. This bill would prohibit the use of companion chatbots in the provision of psychotherapy services and would create restrictions on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) by licensed professionals who provide psychotherapy services. - Derived: Probable SB 903 has no legal force because the Governor vetoed it.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 903 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB903) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|09/30/26|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |09/30/26|Vetoed by the Governor.| - [SB 903 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB903) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Governor's messageI am returning Senate Bill 903 without my signature. This bill would prohibit the use of companion chatbots in the provision of psychotherapy services and would create restrictions on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) by licensed professionals who provide psychotherapy services. - The Governor vetoed SB 903 on 30 September 2026.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 903 bill status and Governor veto message](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB903) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|09/30/26|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |09/30/26|Vetoed by the Governor.| - SB 524 was approved by the Governor on 10 October 2025 as Chapter 587, Statutes of 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 10, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 10, 2025. - Derived: Probable Penal Code section 13663 is chaptered law binding California law enforcement agencies.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(a)(a) Each law enforcement agency shall maintain a policy to require an official report prepared by a law enforcement officer or any member of a law enforcement agency that is generated using artificial intelligence either fully or partially to contain both of the following: - SB 524 takes effect on the 1 January 2026 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 10, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 10, 2025. - The Governor approved SB 524 on 10 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 10, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 10, 2025. - Penal Code section 13663 requires disclosure, signature, first-draft retention and an audit trail for AI-assisted police reports.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(a)(a) Each law enforcement agency shall maintain a policy to require an official report prepared by a law enforcement officer or any member of a law enforcement agency that is generated using artificial intelligence either fully or partially to contain both of the following: - [SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(a)(1)"This report was written either fully or in part using artificial intelligence." - [SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(b)(1)the first draft created shall be retained by the agency for as long as the official report is retained. - [SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB524) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Penal Code § 13663(c)(c) The agency utilizing artificial intelligence to generate a first draft or official report shall maintain an audit trail for as long as the official report is retained - AB 1043 was approved by the Governor on 13 October 2025 as Chapter 675, Statutes of 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - Derived: Probable Civil Code section 1798.501 imposes mandatory duties on operating system providers.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.501(a)1798.501. (a) An operating system provider shall do all of the following: - The operating-system age-signal duties begin 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill, beginning January 1, 2027, would require, among other things related to age verification with respect to software applications, an operating system provider, as defined, to provide an accessible interface at account setup - The Governor approved AB 1043 on 13 October 2025.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025. - Derived: Probable The Attorney General may recover civil penalties of up to $2,500 per affected child for negligent and $7,500 per affected child for intentional violations.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.503shall be subject to an injunction and liable for a civil penalty of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) per affected child for each negligent violation or not more than seven thousand five hundred dollars ($7,500) per affected child for each intentional violation - [AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.503which shall be assessed and recovered only in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General - AB 1159 was approved by the Governor on 2026-09-10 as Chapter 182, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - Business and Professions Code section 22584 as amended is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22584(b)(5) (as amended)(5) Use covered information, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application to train a generative artificial intelligence system or service or develop an artificial intelligence system. - Derived: Probable The K-12 amendments take effect on the January 1, 2027 constitutional default and HESIPA becomes operative on July 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - [AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · HESIPA operative date22587.2. This chapter shall become operative on July 1, 2027. - The Governor approved the bill on 2026-09-10.Confidence: Probable · As of 10 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 10, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 10, 2026. - AB 1159 bars operators from using covered student information to train generative AI or develop AI systems.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's Digestprohibit an operator from using covered information, as defined, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application to train a generative artificial intelligence system or service or develop an artificial intelligence system. - [AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22584(b)(5) (as amended)(5) Use covered information, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application to train a generative artificial intelligence system or service or develop an artificial intelligence system. - Derived: Probable A harmed student may recover the greater of actual damages or $500 per plaintiff, per violation after a 60-day notice and cure step.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Private right of action, relief(1) The greater of actual damages or five hundred dollars ($500) per plaintiff, per violation. - [AB 1159 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 182) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1159) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Private right of action, notice and cure(1) At least 60 days before bringing an action pursuant to this section, a pupil shall do both of the following: - SB 928 was approved by the Governor on 2026-08-27 as Chapter 149, Statutes of 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 27 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 928 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 149) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor August 27, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State August 27, 2026. - Education Code section 89500.3 is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · As of 27 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 928 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 149) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Ed. Code § 89500.3(b)(b) The instructor of record for a course of instruction shall be a person who meets the rule to serve as a faculty employee teaching credit instruction or a faculty employee teaching noncredit instruction established pursuant to Section 89500. - Derived: Probable SB 928 takes effect on the January 1, 2027 constitutional default.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 928 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 149) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor August 27, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State August 27, 2026. - The Governor approved the bill on 2026-08-27.Confidence: Probable · As of 27 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 928 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 149) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor August 27, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State August 27, 2026. - SB 928 requires a person who meets the faculty rule as instructor of record and preserves employee use of AI tools.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 928 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 149) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Ed. Code § 89500.3(b)(b) The instructor of record for a course of instruction shall be a person who meets the rule to serve as a faculty employee teaching credit instruction or a faculty employee teaching noncredit instruction established pursuant to Section 89500. - [SB 928 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 149) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB928) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Ed. Code § 89500.3(d)(d) This section does not prohibit California State University employees from using artificial intelligence tools to assist in the operations of the California State University or in providing services to California State University students. - AB 3030 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-28 as Chapter 848, Statutes of 2024.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - Health and Safety Code section 1339.75 is chaptered law.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)A health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice that uses generative artificial intelligence to generate written or verbal patient communications pertaining to patient clinical information shall ensure that those communications include both of the following: - Derived: Probable AB 3030 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-28.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 Sep 2024 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Chaptered bill headerApproved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024. - Section 1339.75 requires an AI disclaimer and human-contact instructions in AI-generated patient clinical communications, except where a licensed provider reviewed them.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)A health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice that uses generative artificial intelligence to generate written or verbal patient communications pertaining to patient clinical information shall ensure that those communications include both of the following: - [AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)(2)(2) Clear instructions describing how a patient may contact a human health care provider, employee of the health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group provider, or other appropriate person. - [AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB3030) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe bill would exempt from this requirement a communication read and reviewed by a human licensed or certified health care provider. Under the bill, a violation of these provisions by a physician would be subject to the jurisdiction of the Medical Board of California or Osteopathic Medical Board of California, as appropriate. - Rule 10.430 was adopted effective September 1, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Sep 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430, history noteRule 10.430 adopted effective September 1, 2025. - [California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(b)Any court that does not prohibit the use of generative AI by court staff or judicial officers must adopt a generative AI use policy by December 15, 2025. - Rule 10.430 is a California Rule of Court binding on the courts.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Sep 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(b)Any court that does not prohibit the use of generative AI by court staff or judicial officers must adopt a generative AI use policy by December 15, 2025. - Rule 10.430 took effect on September 1, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Sep 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430, history noteRule 10.430 adopted effective September 1, 2025. - Courts that do not prohibit generative AI must adopt a use policy by December 15, 2025 with the content listed in rule 10.430(d).Confidence: Probable · As of 15 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(b)Any court that does not prohibit the use of generative AI by court staff or judicial officers must adopt a generative AI use policy by December 15, 2025. - [California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(d)(1)(1) Prohibit the entry of confidential, personal identifying, or other nonpublic information into a public generative AI system. - [California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(d)(3)(3) Require court staff and judicial officers who create or use generative AI material to take reasonable steps to verify that the material is accurate, and to take reasonable steps to correct any erroneous or hallucinated output in any material used. - [California Rules of Court, Rule 10.430 - Generative artificial intelligence use policies](https://courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index/ten/rule10_430) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Cal. Rules of Court, rule 10.430(d)(5)(5) Require disclosure of the use of or reliance on generative AI if the final version of a written, visual, or audio work provided to the public consists entirely of generative AI outputs. - Executive Order N-6-26 was issued on May 21, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 21 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · AttestationCalifornia to be affixed this 21st day of May 2026. - EO N-6-26 directs state agencies but creates no rights enforceable at law against any other person.Confidence: Probable · As of 21 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Closing paragraphThis Order is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity, against the State of California, its agencies, departments, entities, officers, employees, or any other person. - [Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order para. 77. Within 90 days of the issuance of this Order, EDD shall launch a dashboard showing AI’s impacts on employment across various sectors using Unemployment Insurance data. - EO N-6-26 took effect on May 21, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 21 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · AttestationCalifornia to be affixed this 21st day of May 2026. - EO N-6-26 orders an EDD dashboard on AI employment impacts and a GovOps options report by October 15, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 15 Oct 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order para. 77. Within 90 days of the issuance of this Order, EDD shall launch a dashboard showing AI’s impacts on employment across various sectors using Unemployment Insurance data. - [Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order para. 99. No later than October 15, 2026, the Government Operations Agency shall, in consultation with academics and experts from the University of California system, Stanford University’s Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, and the private sector, provide the Governor with options and recommendations - [Executive Order N-6-26 (AI and the workforce)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/5.21.26-AI-Workforce-EO-FINAL-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order para. 9voluntary or mandatory programs that direct a portion of revenue generated by AI companies to support beneficial deployments of AI - The Insurance Commissioner issued Bulletin 2022-5 on June 30, 2022.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Jun 2022 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Department of Insurance Bulletin 2022-5 (2022-06-30)](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0300-insurers/0200-bulletins/bulletin-notices-commiss-opinion/upload/BULLETIN-2022-5-Allegations-of-Racial-Bias-and-Unfair-Discrimination-in-Marketing-Rating-Underwriting-and-Claims-Practices-by-the-Insurance-Industry.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bulletin headerDATE: June 30, 2022 RE: Allegations of Racial Bias and Unfair Discrimination in Marketing, Rating, Underwriting, and Claims Practices by the Insurance Industry - [California Department of Insurance Bulletin 2022-5 (2022-06-30)](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0300-insurers/0200-bulletins/bulletin-notices-commiss-opinion/upload/BULLETIN-2022-5-Allegations-of-Racial-Bias-and-Unfair-Discrimination-in-Marketing-Rating-Underwriting-and-Claims-Practices-by-the-Insurance-Industry.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bulletin, page 2The greater use by the insurance industry of artificial intelligence, algorithms, and other data collection models have resulted in an increase in consumer complaints relating to unfair discrimination in California and elsewhere. - The bulletin states regulatory expectations to insurers and creates no new rule.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Jun 2022 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Department of Insurance Bulletin 2022-5 (2022-06-30)](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0300-insurers/0200-bulletins/bulletin-notices-commiss-opinion/upload/BULLETIN-2022-5-Allegations-of-Racial-Bias-and-Unfair-Discrimination-in-Marketing-Rating-Underwriting-and-Claims-Practices-by-the-Insurance-Industry.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bulletin, page 2The greater use by the insurance industry of artificial intelligence, algorithms, and other data collection models have resulted in an increase in consumer complaints relating to unfair discrimination in California and elsewhere. - [California Department of Insurance Bulletin 2022-5 (2022-06-30)](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0300-insurers/0200-bulletins/bulletin-notices-commiss-opinion/upload/BULLETIN-2022-5-Allegations-of-Racial-Bias-and-Unfair-Discrimination-in-Marketing-Rating-Underwriting-and-Claims-Practices-by-the-Insurance-Industry.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bulletin, page 3When the reason is based upon a complex algorithm or is otherwise obscured by the technology used, a consumer cannot be confident that the actual basis for the adverse decision is lawful and justified. - Bulletin 2022-5 states that when insurers use complex algorithms in an adverse action, the specific reasons must be provided.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Jun 2022 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Department of Insurance Bulletin 2022-5 (2022-06-30)](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/0250-insurers/0300-insurers/0200-bulletins/bulletin-notices-commiss-opinion/upload/BULLETIN-2022-5-Allegations-of-Racial-Bias-and-Unfair-Discrimination-in-Marketing-Rating-Underwriting-and-Claims-Practices-by-the-Insurance-Industry.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bulletin, page 3When the reason is based upon a complex algorithm or is otherwise obscured by the technology used, a consumer cannot be confident that the actual basis for the adverse decision is lawful and justified. - AB 2575 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2575 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|09/30/26|Vetoed by Governor.| |09/15/26|Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.| - [AB 2575 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|09/15/26|Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.| |08/31/26|Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. - AB 2575 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2575 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|09/30/26|Vetoed by Governor.| |09/15/26|Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.| - [AB 2575 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|09/15/26|Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.| |08/31/26|Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. - The Legislature's history records AB 2575 as vetoed by the Governor on 2026-09-30.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2575 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|09/30/26|Vetoed by Governor.| |09/15/26|Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.| - [AB 2575 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2575) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history|09/15/26|Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 3 p.m.| |08/31/26|Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. - SB 1011 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1011 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1011) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|05/28/26|Ordered to inactive file on request of Senator McNerney.| - SB 1011 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1011 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1011) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|05/28/26|Ordered to inactive file on request of Senator McNerney.| - SB 1011 was ordered to the inactive file on 2026-05-28.Confidence: Probable · As of 28 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1011 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1011) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|05/28/26|Ordered to inactive file on request of Senator McNerney.| - AB 2545 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2545 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2545) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|In committee: Held under submission.| - AB 2545 has no legal force.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2545 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2545) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|In committee: Held under submission.| - AB 2545 was held under submission in committee on 2026-08-13.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2545 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2545) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/13/26|In committee: Held under submission.| Open evidence ### 08Safety & Incident ReportingActive▾# AB 1988 - Companion chatbots: crisis interruption pauses (no enactment evidenced) (Draft, no legal force): Companion-chatbot crisis-pause bill that passed the Assembly 73-0 on 2026-05-21; its final Senate committee hearing on 2026-06-26 was cancelled at the author's request and no later action is recorded. 6 instruments · 7 obligations · 13 claims · Next: 16 Nov 2026 (GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor) 6 instruments (6 current) · 7 obligations · 13 claims · 6 milestones Instruments - AB 1988 - Companion chatbots: crisis interruption pauses (no enactment evidenced) Draft, no legal forceCompanion-chatbot crisis-pause bill that passed the Assembly 73-0 on 2026-05-21; its final Senate committee hearing on 2026-06-26 was cancelled at the author's request and no later action is recorded.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1988) - Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security Adopted 2026-06-02; entry into force not recordedFederal executive order directing agencies to improve cyber defence, create a voluntary frontier-model deployment framework built on a classified cyber benchmark, and protect against criminal actors; states it does not authorise mandatory licensing or preclearance. It contains no text addressing state AI laws.Binding · Authority: The White House (President) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) - Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations In force since 2026-09-18Directs the Government Operations Agency to accelerate SB 813 and AB 1405 implementation (May 1, 2027 and December 1, 2027) and, with Cal OES, to recommend stronger frontier AI safeguards by November 16, 2026.Binding · Authority: California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) - SB 243 - Companion chatbots In force since 2026-01-01Requires companion chatbot operators to disclose AI status, maintain a suicide and self-harm protocol, add protections for known minors and report annually to the Office of Suicide Prevention from July 1, 2027; private right of action.Binding · Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243) - SB 300 - Companion chatbots (inactive file 2026) Draft, no legal forceBill amending Business and Professions Code section 22602 on companion chatbots; passed the Assembly Appropriations Committee on 2026-08-13 and was ordered to the inactive file on 2026-08-30.Authority: California State Legislature · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB300) - Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) In force since 2026-01-01Requires large frontier developers to publish and follow a frontier AI framework, publish transparency reports, and report critical safety incidents to Cal OES, with Attorney General civil penalties up to $1,000,000 per violation.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) Obligations - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.13(c)Frontier developers must report critical safety incidents to Cal OES within 15 days of discovery, and within 24 hours to an appropriate authority where there is an imminent risk of death or serious physical injury.incident reporting · Applies to: provider · Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.12(d)Large frontier developers must transmit to Cal OES a summary of catastrophic-risk assessments of internal model use every three months or on another schedule agreed in writing.documentation · Applies to: provider · Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22603(a)Beginning July 1, 2027, operators must report annually to the Office of Suicide Prevention the number of crisis referral notifications and their detection and response protocols.incident reporting · Applies to: provider · SB 243 - Companion chatbots - Order ¶ 1GovOps must complete Government Code section 8898.1 requirements and post IVO application requirements, procedures and criteria no later than May 1, 2027.authorisation · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 2GovOps must complete Government Code section 11549.82(a) requirements and begin the actions required by subdivision (b) no later than December 1, 2027.registration · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 3GovOps, with Cal OES, must submit recommendations on embedding IVOs onsite, verified frameworks, kill-switch requirements and incident definitions no later than November 16, 2026.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - EO 14409 Sec. 3(a)Within 60 days of the order, Treasury, War (through NSA) and Homeland Security (through CISA), in consultation with White House and Commerce officials, must develop and maintain a classified benchmarking process to assess AI models' advanced cyber capabilities and set the threshold for designating a covered frontier model; the section creates no mandatory licensing requirement.risk management · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security Milestones - 16 Nov 2026GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - 1 Jan 2027Department of Technology first annual recommendations on frontier definitions due UpcomingTransparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) - 1 May 2027GovOps completes Gov. Code section 8898.1 requirements (IVO application requirements and criteria) UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - 1 Jul 2027First annual SB 243 reports to Office of Suicide Prevention begin UpcomingSB 243 - Companion chatbots - 1 Jul 2027Operators begin annual reports to the Office of Suicide Prevention UpcomingSB 243 - Companion chatbots - 1 Dec 2027GovOps completes Gov. Code section 11549.82(a) requirements (AI Auditor Registry) UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations Claims and evidence (13) - Frontier developers must report critical safety incidents to Cal OES within 15 days of discovery, or within 24 hours to an appropriate authority where there is imminent risk of death or serious physical injury.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.13(c)(1)a frontier developer shall report any critical safety incident pertaining to one or more of its frontier models to the Office of Emergency Services within 15 days of discovering the critical safety incident. - Caroline Thomas Jacobs is listed as Cal OES Director.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal OES - Office of the Director](https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Office of the Director page### Caroline Thomas Jacobs Director ### Vacant Chief Deputy Director ### Ian Bastek Chief Deputy Director - The Governor signed Executive Order N-9-26 on September 18, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of September 2026. - [Governor Newsom issues executive order on independent oversight and an AI kill switch (2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/18/governor-newsom-issues-executive-order-to-accelerate-independent-oversight-and-advance-the-creation-of-an-ai-kill-switch/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release leadGovernor Newsom today issued an executive order directing actions to address the dangers of recent AI incidents. - Binding on executive agencies; creates no enforceable private rights.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1No later than May 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of Section 8898.1 of the Government Code and develop application requirements, procedures, and criteria for independent verification organizations and publicly post them, as required by law. - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Closing paragraphThis Order is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity - GovOps must complete Gov. Code section 8898.1 requirements by May 1, 2027 and section 11549.82(a) requirements by December 1, 2027, and submit frontier AI safety amendment recommendations by November 16, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1No later than May 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of Section 8898.1 of the Government Code and develop application requirements, procedures, and criteria for independent verification organizations and publicly post them, as required by law. - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 2No later than December 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of subdivision (a) of Section 11549.82 of the Government Code - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 3shall, no later than November 16, 2026, submit to my office recommendations, developed in consultation with national experts, addressing the technical feasibility and potential efficacy of amendments to existing state laws regarding AI safety and security - EO N-9-26 signed 2026-09-18.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of September 2026. - EO 14409 sets up designation of covered frontier models and disclaims any mandatory licensing requirement.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3(a)develop and maintain a classified benchmarking process to assess the advanced cyber capabilities of AI models and determine the threshold at which an AI model should be designated a "covered frontier model" for the purposes of this order - [Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3(c)Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize the creation of a mandatory governmental licensing, preclearance, or permitting requirement for the development, publication, release, or distribution of new AI models, including frontier models. - [Executive Order 14409 - Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security (2026-06-02)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14409 Sec. 3Sec. 3. Secure Frontier Model Deployment. Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of War, through the Director of NSA, and the Secretary of Homeland Security, through the Director of CISA - AB 1988, a California companion-chatbot crisis-interruption-pause bill, was introduced in the 2025-2026 session but did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 26 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1988 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1988) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|06/26/26|In committee: Set, final hearing. Hearing canceled at the request of author.| - AB 1988 carries no legal force because it was not enacted into law.Confidence: Probable · As of 26 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1988 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1988) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|06/26/26|In committee: Set, final hearing. Hearing canceled at the request of author.| - AB 1988's final Senate committee hearing was cancelled at the author's request on 26 June 2026, and no later action is recorded.Confidence: Probable · As of 26 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1988 bill history](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1988) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill history, latest action|06/26/26|In committee: Set, final hearing. Hearing canceled at the request of author.| - SB 300, a California companion-chatbot bill amending Business and Professions Code section 22602, was introduced but did not become law.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 300 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB300) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/30/26|Ordered to inactive file on request of Assembly Member Aguiar-Curry.| - SB 300 carries no legal force because it was not enacted into law.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 300 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB300) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/30/26|Ordered to inactive file on request of Assembly Member Aguiar-Curry.| - SB 300 was ordered to the inactive file on 30 August 2026, ending action on the bill for the session.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 300 bill status](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB300) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bill status, history actions|08/30/26|Ordered to inactive file on request of Assembly Member Aguiar-Curry.| Open evidence ### 09Standards & ConformityActive▾# Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications (In force since 2026-03-30): Directs DGS and the Department of Technology to recommend, within 120 days, new certifications in state contracting for vendors to attest to safeguards against AI misuse. 3 instruments · 4 obligations · 10 claims · Next: 16 Nov 2026 (GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor) 3 instruments (3 current) · 4 obligations · 10 claims · 4 milestones Instruments - Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications In force since 2026-03-30Directs DGS and the Department of Technology to recommend, within 120 days, new certifications in state contracting for vendors to attest to safeguards against AI misuse.Binding · Authority: California Department of General Services, California Department of Technology · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) - Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations In force since 2026-09-18Directs the Government Operations Agency to accelerate SB 813 and AB 1405 implementation (May 1, 2027 and December 1, 2027) and, with Cal OES, to recommend stronger frontier AI safeguards by November 16, 2026.Binding · Authority: California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) - NIST Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0) Published 2023-01-26Voluntary, non-sector-specific US framework for managing AI risks; relevant to California as a national standard that frontier developers may incorporate under SB 53.Non-binding · Authority: National Institute of Standards and Technology · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.nist.gov/publications/artificial-intelligence-risk-management-framework-ai-rmf-10) Obligations - Order ¶ 1GovOps must complete Government Code section 8898.1 requirements and post IVO application requirements, procedures and criteria no later than May 1, 2027.authorisation · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 2GovOps must complete Government Code section 11549.82(a) requirements and begin the actions required by subdivision (b) no later than December 1, 2027.registration · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 3GovOps, with Cal OES, must submit recommendations on embedding IVOs onsite, verified frameworks, kill-switch requirements and incident definitions no later than November 16, 2026.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - Order ¶ 1DGS and CDT must submit to the Governor within 120 days recommendations for new certifications in state contracting on safeguards to protect public safety and prevent misuse of AI.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications Milestones - 28 Jul 2026 (conditional)DGS/CDT procurement certification recommendations due (120 days from 2026-03-30; date derived) Status not recordedExecutive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement certifications - 16 Nov 2026GovOps/Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments due to Governor UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - 1 May 2027GovOps completes Gov. Code section 8898.1 requirements (IVO application requirements and criteria) UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations - 1 Dec 2027GovOps completes Gov. Code section 11549.82(a) requirements (AI Auditor Registry) UpcomingExecutive Order N-9-26 - AI oversight, independent verification and kill-switch recommendations Claims and evidence (10) - The Governor signed Executive Order N-9-26 on September 18, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of September 2026. - [Governor Newsom issues executive order on independent oversight and an AI kill switch (2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/18/governor-newsom-issues-executive-order-to-accelerate-independent-oversight-and-advance-the-creation-of-an-ai-kill-switch/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release leadGovernor Newsom today issued an executive order directing actions to address the dangers of recent AI incidents. - Binding on executive agencies; creates no enforceable private rights.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1No later than May 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of Section 8898.1 of the Government Code and develop application requirements, procedures, and criteria for independent verification organizations and publicly post them, as required by law. - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Closing paragraphThis Order is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity - GovOps must complete Gov. Code section 8898.1 requirements by May 1, 2027 and section 11549.82(a) requirements by December 1, 2027, and submit frontier AI safety amendment recommendations by November 16, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1No later than May 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of Section 8898.1 of the Government Code and develop application requirements, procedures, and criteria for independent verification organizations and publicly post them, as required by law. - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 2No later than December 1, 2027, the Government Operations Agency shall complete the requirements of subdivision (a) of Section 11549.82 of the Government Code - [Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 3shall, no later than November 16, 2026, submit to my office recommendations, developed in consultation with national experts, addressing the technical feasibility and potential efficacy of amendments to existing state laws regarding AI safety and security - EO N-9-26 signed 2026-09-18.Confidence: Probable · As of 18 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-9-26 (signed 2026-09-18)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of September 2026. - Executive Order N-5-26 was signed on March 30, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement (signed 2026-03-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Signature blockIN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 30th day of March 2026. - Binding on named state departments.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement (signed 2026-03-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1Within 120 days of the issuance of this Order, the Department of General Services (DGS) and the Department of Technology (CDT) shall submit recommendations to the Governor for new certifications that may be incorporated into state contracting processes - DGS and CDT must submit recommendations on new state-contracting certifications within 120 days of the Order.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Mar 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order N-5-26 - trusted AI procurement (signed 2026-03-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/3.30-FINAL-Trusted-AI-Procurement-EO-N-5-26.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Order ¶ 1Within 120 days of the issuance of this Order, the Department of General Services (DGS) and the Department of Technology (CDT) shall submit recommendations to the Governor for new certifications that may be incorporated into state contracting processes - NIST published AI RMF 1.0 (NIST AI 100-1) on January 26, 2023.Confidence: Probable · As of 26 Jan 2023 · evidencedEvidence and sources[NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0), NIST AI 100-1](https://www.nist.gov/publications/artificial-intelligence-risk-management-framework-ai-rmf-10) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · AbstractThe Framework is intended to be voluntary, rights-preserving, non-sector specific, and use-case agnostic - [NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0), NIST AI 100-1](https://www.nist.gov/publications/artificial-intelligence-risk-management-framework-ai-rmf-10) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Page headerPublished January 26, 2023 ### Author(s) Elham Tabassi - The framework is voluntary.Confidence: Probable · As of 26 Jan 2023 · evidencedEvidence and sources[NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0), NIST AI 100-1](https://www.nist.gov/publications/artificial-intelligence-risk-management-framework-ai-rmf-10) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · AbstractThe Framework is intended to be voluntary, rights-preserving, non-sector specific, and use-case agnostic - The AI RMF is a voluntary framework.Confidence: Probable · As of 26 Jan 2023 · evidencedEvidence and sources[NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0), NIST AI 100-1](https://www.nist.gov/publications/artificial-intelligence-risk-management-framework-ai-rmf-10) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · AbstractThe Framework is intended to be voluntary, rights-preserving, non-sector specific, and use-case agnostic Open evidence ### 10Authorities & EnforcementActive Derived: Probable▾# AB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency (Applies since 2026-01-01): Requires developers of publicly available generative AI systems to post documentation about training data on their websites on or before January 1, 2026 and on each new or substantially modified release; under challenge in X.AI v. 11 instruments · 7 obligations · 47 claims · Next: 1 Jan 2027 (Department of Technology first annual recommendations on frontier definitions due) 11 instruments (11 current) · 7 obligations · 47 claims · 6 milestones Instruments - AB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency Applies since 2026-01-01Requires developers of publicly available generative AI systems to post documentation about training data on their websites on or before January 1, 2026 and on each new or substantially modified release; under challenge in X.AI v. Bonta.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - AB 2655 - Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024 (enjoined as to X Corp. and Rumble) Adopted 2024-09-17; valid from 2025-01-01Requires large online platforms to block or label materially deceptive election content in specified periods and provide reporting procedures. On 2025-08-20 the Eastern District of California declared it preempted by 47 U.S.C. section 230 as applied to X Corp. and Rumble and permanently enjoined enforcement against them; the statute remains on the books.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2655) - AB 2839 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (2024; enjoined as to named plaintiffs) In force since 2024-09-17Urgency statute adding Elections Code section 20012 (120-day pre-election ban on malicious distribution of materially deceptive election content). On 2025-08-29 the Eastern District of California granted summary judgment to the plaintiff in Kohls v. Bonta and permanently enjoined enforcement against the named plaintiffs; AB 502 (2026) later amended section 20012.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2839) - AB 325 - Cartwright Act: common pricing algorithms Adopted 2025-10-06; valid from 2026-01-01Adds Business and Professions Code section 16729 making it unlawful to use or distribute a common pricing algorithm as part of a restraint of trade, or to coerce adoption of its recommended prices; adds a plausibility pleading standard for Cartwright Act complaints.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) - Attorney General Legal Advisory on the Application of Existing California Laws to Artificial Intelligence Published 2025-01-13Attorney General advisory of 13 January 2025 stating that the Unfair Competition Law, False Advertising Law, competition, civil rights and privacy laws apply to AI developers, deployers and users, including liability for supplying AI products known or likely to be used to violate the law. A companion advisory covers health care.Regulatory expectation · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Legal%20Advisory%20-%20Application%20of%20Existing%20CA%20Laws%20to%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf) - California AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended In force since 2025-01-01Requires covered generative AI providers to offer a free verification tool and embed latent disclosures in AI-generated image, video and audio content; operative August 2, 2026 after AB 853 delayed it and then amended by SB 1000 and AB 2713.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence Adopted 2025-12-11; entry into force not recordedFederal executive order directing a DOJ AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state AI laws and Commerce to evaluate them; does not itself preempt state law and is binding on federal agencies only.Binding · Authority: U.S. Department of Justice - AI Litigation Task Force, U.S. Department of Commerce · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) - FTC proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (implied preemption of state laws requiring deceptive outputs) Draft, no legal forceProposed FTC policy statement under EO 14365 section 7 asserting that section 5 bars deceptive AI outputs even where a state law requires them and that state law is impliedly preempted to the extent it conflicts; names California only in a quoted fact-sheet footnote. Comments closed 31 July 2026; no final statement found.Authority: U.S. Federal Trade Commission · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) - Proposed initiative 25-0034A1 - Regulates certain large AI companies (California AI Safety Commission) Draft, no legal forceProposed initiative statute that would create a seven-member California AI Safety Commission requiring safety plans and pre-notification of capability expansions from certain large AI companies; cleared for signature collection on 2026-02-04 and not on the 2026-06-25 certified ballot list.Authority: California Secretary of State · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) - SB 1000 - CAITA amendments (covered-provider threshold removed, disclosure verification tool) In force since 2026-09-30Deletes the 1,000,000-user threshold from the covered-provider definition, renames the detection tool a disclosure verification tool, drops the manifest-disclosure option and takes effect immediately as an urgency statute.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 - Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) In force since 2026-01-01Requires large frontier developers to publish and follow a frontier AI framework, publish transparency reports, and report critical safety incidents to Cal OES, with Attorney General civil penalties up to $1,000,000 per violation.Binding · Authority: California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General · Verified 8 Oct 2026 · [Official text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) Obligations - Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4.1Violation of the platform-provenance prohibition in section 22757.3(d) is subject to a $50,000 civil penalty per violation recoverable by the AG, a city attorney or county counsel.prohibition · Applies to: other · SB 1000 - CAITA amendments (covered-provider threshold removed, disclosure verification tool) - EO 14365 Sec. 3The Attorney General must establish within 30 days an AI Litigation Task Force whose sole responsibility is to challenge state AI laws inconsistent with the Order's policy.other · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - EO 14365 Sec. 4The Secretary of Commerce must publish within 90 days an evaluation of existing state AI laws identifying onerous laws.documentation · Applies to: other · Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - Bus. & Prof. Code § 16729(a)-(b)A person may not use or distribute a common pricing algorithm (a methodology used by two or more persons that uses competitor data to influence price or commercial terms) as part of a restraint of trade, and may not coerce another person to adopt its recommended prices or commercial terms.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 325 - Cartwright Act: common pricing algorithms - Elec. Code Div. 20, Ch. 7 (§ 20510 et seq.)A large online platform must develop and implement procedures to identify and remove, and to label, reported materially deceptive election content in specified periods around a California election. Enjoined as applied to X Corp. and Rumble.other · Applies to: other · AB 2655 - Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024 (enjoined as to X Corp. and Rumble) - Elec. Code § 20012 (as added by AB 2839)A person, committee or entity may not knowingly distribute, with malice, an election advertisement or communication containing materially deceptive content within 120 days before an election (and in specified cases 60 days after), subject to exemptions. Enjoined as to the named plaintiffs in Kohls v. Bonta.prohibition · Applies to: other · AB 2839 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (2024; enjoined as to named plaintiffs) - Proposed policy statement, request for commentsThe FTC invited public comments on the proposed statement until 31 July 2026; the statement itself imposes no obligation on businesses.other · Applies to: other · FTC proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (implied preemption of state laws requiring deceptive outputs) Milestones - 1 Jan 2026First AB 2013 training-data documentation due MetAB 2013 - Generative AI training data transparency - 9 Jan 2026DOJ AI Litigation Task Force established by Attorney General memorandum MetExecutive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - 11 Mar 2026 (conditional)Commerce evaluation of state AI laws due (90 days from EO; two secondary commentaries say it had not been published; no primary document found) Status not recordedExecutive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence - 31 Jul 2026Comment period on the proposed FTC AI policy statement closes MetFTC proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (implied preemption of state laws requiring deceptive outputs) - 2 Aug 2026CAITA operative (delayed from 2026-01-01 by AB 853) MetCalifornia AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended - 1 Jan 2027Department of Technology first annual recommendations on frontier definitions due UpcomingTransparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53) Claims and evidence (47) - Derived: Probable Civil penalty does not exceed $1,000,000 per violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.15(a)-(b)shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount dependent upon the severity of the violation that does not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000) per violation. (b) A civil penalty described in this section shall be recovered in a civil action brought only by the Attorney General. - Civil penalties under SB 53 are recoverable only in a civil action brought by the Attorney General.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25.1 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, SB 53) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.1.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.15(a)-(b)shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount dependent upon the severity of the violation that does not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000) per violation. (b) A civil penalty described in this section shall be recovered in a civil action brought only by the Attorney General. - Derived: Probable Civil penalty of $5,000 per violation, with each day a discrete violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 2 Aug 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=25.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4(a)(1)shall be liable for a civil penalty in the amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000) per violation to be collected in a civil action filed by the Attorney General, a city attorney, or a county counsel. - Derived: Probable Violators of section 22757.3(d) face $50,000 per violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 30 Sep 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.`xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1000) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4.1(a)(1)A violator of subdivision (d) of Section 22757.3 shall be liable for a civil penalty in the amount of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) per violation - The date of Ninth Circuit oral argument in X.AI LLC v. Bonta is disputed between November 18, 2026 (CAIDP notice) and July 16, 2026 (law-firm article).Confidence: Disputed · As of 18 Nov 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[CAIDP - Training Data Transparency (AB 2013) case page](https://www.caidp.org/cases/training-data-transparency/) T3 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · News bannerNOTICE OF ORAL ARGUMENT *on Wednesday, November 18, 2026 - 09:30 A.M. - Courtroom 1 - Scheduled Location: Pasadena CA* - [Law Office of Shanen R. Prout - AI training data transparency: AB 2013 and xAI v. Bonta explained (2026-09-03)](https://srplawyer.com/2026/09/03/challenges-to-californias-attempt-to-regulate-ai-training-data-transparency-what-x-ai-v-bonta-means-for-californias-ab-2013/) T4 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Opening paragraphOn July 16, 2026, the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral argument in *X.AI LLC v. Bonta*, No. 26-1591 - Tom Kemp is Executive Director of CalPrivacy.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[About CalPrivacy (CPPA)](https://cppa.ca.gov/about_us/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · About CalPrivacy, opening paragraphThe California Privacy Rights Act established a new agency, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) to implement and enforce the law. - Kevin Kish is quoted as Civil Rights Department Director.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[Civil Rights Council secures approval for regulations on employment discrimination related to AI (2025-06-30)](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/2025/06/30/civil-rights-council-secures-approval-for-regulations-to-protect-against-employment-discrimination-related-to-artificial-intelligence/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release quotationsaid Civil Rights Department Director Kevin Kish. - Rob Bonta is California Attorney General.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AG Bonta launches investigation into xAI and Grok (2026-01-14)](https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-launches-investigation-xai-grok-over-undressed-sexual-ai) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release openingCalifornia Attorney General Rob Bonta today announced opening an investigation into the proliferation of nonconsensual sexually explicit material produced using Grok, an AI model developed by xAI. - Caroline Thomas Jacobs is listed as Cal OES Director.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal OES - Office of the Director](https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Office of the Director page### Caroline Thomas Jacobs Director ### Vacant Chief Deputy Director ### Ian Bastek Chief Deputy Director - Gavin Newsom is Governor.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[Governor Newsom signs more AI worker protections and other bills (2026-09-30)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/30/californias-nation-leading-ai-framework-just-got-stronger-governor-newsom-signs-more-first-in-the-nation-worker-protections-and-more/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release leadGovernor Gavin Newsom is continuing to cement California's AI safety framework by signing new laws to protect workers and consumers - Derived: Probable Private plaintiffs recover the greater of actual damages or $1,000 per violation; no statutory ceiling.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=BPC&division=8.&title=&part=&chapter=22.6.&article=) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22605(b)Damages in an amount equal to the greater of actual damages or one thousand dollars ($1,000) per violation. - Derived: Probable Up to $5,000 per affected child (negligent) and $15,000 per affected child (intentional).Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21816(a)(1)(A)-(B)A civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) per affected child for each negligent violation. (B) A civil penalty of not more than fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) per affected child for each intentional violation. - Derived: Probable The Attorney General and public prosecutors enforce SB 1119 (injunctive relief by the Attorney General only), and harmed children have a private right of action.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21816(a)(1)(A)-(B)A civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) per affected child for each negligent violation. (B) A civil penalty of not more than fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) per affected child for each intentional violation. - [SB 1119 (Padilla), Chapter 190, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1119) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 21816(b)(1)A child who suffers an actual harm as a result of a violation of paragraphs (1) to (5), inclusive, of subdivision (d) of Section 21812, or a parent or guardian acting on behalf of that child, may bring a civil action against the operator - Derived: Probable Up to $5,000 for an initial violation and $10,000 for each subsequent violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1609) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22628(b)A large private business that violates this chapter shall be liable for a civil penalty not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000) for an initial violation, and ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each subsequent violation. - Derived: Probable Public prosecutors enforce the customer service chatbot requirements.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1609) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 22628(b)A large private business that violates this chapter shall be liable for a civil penalty not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000) for an initial violation, and ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each subsequent violation. - Derived: Probable The Government Operations Agency administers the independent verification organization framework.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 813 (McNerney), Chapter 179, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB813) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Gov. Code § 8898.1On or before January 1, 2028, the agency shall do all of the following: - Derived: Probable Civil penalty of $500 per violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jul 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1526.1(e)An employer who violates this part shall be subject to a civil penalty of five hundred dollars ($500) per violation. - The Labor Commissioner and public prosecutors enforce the automated decision system provisions.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jul 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[SB 947 (McNerney), Chapter 859, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB947) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1526.1(a)The Labor Commissioner may enforce this part, including investigating an alleged violation - Derived: Probable Penalty of up to $500 for each violation.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2027 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1883 (Bryan), Chapter 853, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1883) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Lab. Code § 1582(d)(1)an employer who violates this part may be subject to a penalty of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each violation. - Violations of AB 489 are enforced by the relevant health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 489 (Bonta), Chapter 615, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB489) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.9(a)(1)A violation of this chapter is subject to the jurisdiction of the appropriate health care professional licensing board or enforcement agency. - The California Privacy Protection Agency enforces the ADMT regulations.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[About CalPrivacy (CPPA)](https://cppa.ca.gov/about_us/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · About CalPrivacy, opening paragraphThe California Privacy Rights Act established a new agency, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) to implement and enforce the law. - Derived: Probable CalPrivacy may impose an administrative fine of up to $2,500 per violation, or $7,500 per intentional violation, for CCPA violations the ADMT regulations implement.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 as amended (CalPrivacy statutory text)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/cppa_act.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.155(a)Any business, service provider, contractor, or other person that violates this title shall be liable for an administrative fine of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars - [California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 as amended (CalPrivacy statutory text)](https://cppa.ca.gov/regulations/pdf/cppa_act.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.155(a)($2,500) for each violation or seven thousand five hundred dollars ($7,500) for each intentional violation - Derived: Probable The Attorney General may recover civil penalties of up to $2,500 per violation, or $7,500 per intentional violation, under the CCPA title.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Civil Code section 1798.199.90 - Attorney General civil penalties under the CCPA](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1798.199.90.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.199.90(a)shall be subject to an injunction and liable for a civil penalty of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) for each violation or seven thousand five hundred dollars ($7,500) for each intentional violation - [Cal. Civil Code section 1798.199.90 - Attorney General civil penalties under the CCPA](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1798.199.90.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.199.90(a)which shall be assessed and recovered in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General. - Executive Order 14365 was issued December 11, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · HeaderENSURING A NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Executive Orders December 11, 2025 Executive Order 14365 - Binding on federal officials; directs, but does not itself effect, preemption of state AI laws.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 3Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order - [Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 4Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary's authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b) - The Attorney General must establish within 30 days an AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state AI laws, and Commerce must publish within 90 days an evaluation identifying onerous state AI laws.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 3Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order - [Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 4Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary's authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b) - Derived: Probable EO 14365 directs federal action against state AI laws, including California laws, without itself preempting them.Confidence: Probable · As of 11 Dec 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 3Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order - [Executive Order 14365 - Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence (2025-12-11)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · EO 14365 Sec. 4Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary's authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b) - A proposed initiative creating a California AI Safety Commission was cleared to circulate for signatures on February 4, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 4 Feb 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Official title and summaryCreates new state agency, the California AI Safety Commission, comprised of seven appointed members with specified expertise, to regulate companies that develop or control advanced AI systems and meet other specified criteria. - [Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release openingannounced that the proponent of a new initiative was cleared to begin collecting petition signatures on February 4, 2026. - The measure has no force; it is not among the 14 measures the Secretary of State certified for the November 3, 2026 ballot on June 25, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 25 Jun 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Official title and summaryCreates new state agency, the California AI Safety Commission, comprised of seven appointed members with specified expertise, to regulate companies that develop or control advanced AI systems and meet other specified criteria. - [Secretary of State - measures certified for the November 3, 2026 General Election ballot](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/california-secretary-state-shirley-n-weber-phd-certifies-measures-november-3-2026-general-election-ballot) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release PR26-96 openingannounced that 14 measures have qualified for the November 3, 2026, General Election ballot. - Cleared to begin collecting petition signatures on 2026-02-04.Confidence: Probable · As of 4 Feb 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Secretary of State - proposed initiative enters circulation: regulates certain large AI companies (PR26-20, 2026-02-05)](https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2026-news-releases-and-advisories/proposed-initiative-enters-circulation-regulates-certain-large-artificial-intelligence-ai-companies-initiative-statute) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release openingannounced that the proponent of a new initiative was cleared to begin collecting petition signatures on February 4, 2026. - Derived: Probable Cartwright Act violations carry corporate fines up to $6,000,000 or the gain-based amount if greater, and private plaintiffs may recover three times their damages.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code section 16755 - Cartwright Act criminal penalties](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=BPC§ionNum=16755.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16755(a)(1)by a fine of not more than six million dollars ($6,000,000) or the applicable amount under paragraph (3), whichever is greater. - [Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code section 16750 - Cartwright Act civil remedies](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=BPC§ionNum=16750.) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16750(a)to recover three times the damages sustained by him or her - The Attorney General enforces the Cartwright Act alongside private plaintiffs; AB 325 lowers the pleading threshold for complaints.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 325 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 338) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB325) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Bus. & Prof. Code § 16756.1in a complaint for any violation of this chapter, it is sufficient to contain factual allegations demonstrating that the existence of a contract, combination in the form of a trust, or conspiracy to restrain trade or commerce is plausible - Derived: Probable Statutory damages rise to $50,000, or $250,000 for a malicious violation, and public attorneys may sue.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB621) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThis bill would increase the maximum statutory damages available to a depicted individual to $50,000 if the violation was not malicious and $250,000 for a malicious violation and would authorize certain public attorneys to bring a civil action to enforce these provisions - Derived: Probable The Attorney General may recover civil penalties of up to $2,500 per affected child for negligent and $7,500 per affected child for intentional violations.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.503shall be subject to an injunction and liable for a civil penalty of not more than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) per affected child for each negligent violation or not more than seven thousand five hundred dollars ($7,500) per affected child for each intentional violation - [AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.503which shall be assessed and recovered only in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General - The Attorney General enforces the Digital Age Assurance Act in a civil action.Confidence: Probable · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 1043 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 675) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1043) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Civ. Code § 1798.503which shall be assessed and recovered only in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General - The Fair Political Practices Commission administers and implements the Political Reform Act, including section 84514.Confidence: Probable · As of 1 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2355) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Legislative Counsel's DigestThe Fair Political Practices Commission is charged with administering and implementing the act - Derived: Probable On 2025-08-20 the Eastern District of California entered judgment declaring AB 2655 preempted by section 230 as applied to X Corp. and Rumble and permanently enjoining its enforcement against them.Confidence: Uncertain · As of 20 Aug 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 98 - Order and Final Judgment (2025-08-20)](https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/caedce/2:2024cv02527/453046/98) T2 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Filing 98 docket textDECLARING that AB 2655 violates and is preempted by 47 U.S.C. § 230(c)(1), § 230(c)(2)(B), and § 230(e)(3), as-applied to X Corp. and Rumble; and PERMANENTLY ENJOINING Defendants from enforcing AB 2655, in its entirety, against X Corp. and Rumble. - Derived: Probable On 2025-08-29 the Eastern District of California permanently enjoined enforcement of AB 2839 against the named plaintiffs in Kohls v. Bonta.Confidence: Uncertain · As of 29 Aug 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 101 (order of 2025-08-29) - Justia docket](https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/caedce/2:2024cv02527/453046/101) T2 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Filing 101 docket textDefendants Rob Bonta and Shirley N. Weber and their agents, employees, public servants, officers and persons acting in concert with them are HEREBY PERMANENTLY ENJOINED from enforcing AB 2839 against the named Plaintiffs. - The Attorney General issued a legal advisory on AI and existing California law on January 13, 2025.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[AG Bonta issues legal advisories on the application of California law to AI (2025-01-13)](https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-issues-legal-advisories-application-california-law-ai) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Press release datelineJanuary 13, 2025 Contact: (916) 210-6000, agpressoffice@doj.ca.gov - [California Attorney General - Legal Advisory on the Application of Existing California Laws to Artificial Intelligence](https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Legal%20Advisory%20-%20Application%20of%20Existing%20CA%20Laws%20to%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Advisory, introductionfall squarely within the purview of the Unfair Competition Law, and developers, entities that use AI, and end-users of AI systems should be aware that traditional consumer legal protections apply equally in the AI context. - The advisory states the Attorney General's view of existing law; it is guidance, not a new rule.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Attorney General - Legal Advisory on the Application of Existing California Laws to Artificial Intelligence](https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Legal%20Advisory%20-%20Application%20of%20Existing%20CA%20Laws%20to%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Advisory, introductionfall squarely within the purview of the Unfair Competition Law, and developers, entities that use AI, and end-users of AI systems should be aware that traditional consumer legal protections apply equally in the AI context. - The Attorney General states that the Unfair Competition Law applies equally to AI and that suppliers may be liable if they know or should know their AI will be used unlawfully.Confidence: Probable · As of 13 Jan 2025 · evidencedEvidence and sources[California Attorney General - Legal Advisory on the Application of Existing California Laws to Artificial Intelligence](https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Legal%20Advisory%20-%20Application%20of%20Existing%20CA%20Laws%20to%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Advisory, introductionfall squarely within the purview of the Unfair Competition Law, and developers, entities that use AI, and end-users of AI systems should be aware that traditional consumer legal protections apply equally in the AI context. - [California Attorney General - Legal Advisory on the Application of Existing California Laws to Artificial Intelligence](https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Legal%20Advisory%20-%20Application%20of%20Existing%20CA%20Laws%20to%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Advisory, section on the Unfair Competition Lawknow, or should have known, that AI will be used to violate the law. - The FTC proposed an AI policy statement in a Federal Register document filed on July 6, 2026.Confidence: Probable · As of 7 Jul 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Federal Register headerACTION: Proposed policy statement; request for comments. - [Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · End of document[FR Doc. 2026-13628 Filed 7-6-26; 8:45 am] - The statement is proposed and a policy statement has no force of law.Confidence: Probable · As of 7 Jul 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Federal Register headerACTION: Proposed policy statement; request for comments. - [Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Supplementary Information, section IAlthough the FTC Act does not expressly preempt State law, State law is impliedly preempted to the extent it conflicts with a Federal regulatory scheme. - The proposed statement asserts implied preemption of conflicting state law and that section 5 applies even when deception is used to comply with state law.Confidence: Probable · As of 7 Jul 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Supplementary Information, section IAlthough the FTC Act does not expressly preempt State law, State law is impliedly preempted to the extent it conflicts with a Federal regulatory scheme. - [Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Supplementary Information, section IThese prohibitions apply even when a company engages in a deceptive act or practice in order to comply with a State law. - Derived: Probable The proposed statement targets state laws requiring altered AI outputs; California appears only in a quoted footnote and no California statute is named.Confidence: Probable · As of 7 Jul 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Federal Trade Commission - proposed policy statement on AI and section 5 (Federal Register, FR Doc. 2026-13628)](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2026/07/07/2026-13628.html) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Footnote quoting the AI National Policy Fact Sheet("States such as California and Colorado are considering requiring AI companies to censor outputs and insert left-wing ideology in their programming."). - Derived: Probable A platform failing to comply may face FTC civil penalties of $53,088 per violation.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(b)(1)A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act - [FTC business guidance - Complying with the Take It Down Act (May 2026)](https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/complying-take-it-down-act) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · FTC guidancePlatforms that violate the law may face FTC enforcement that could result in civil penalties of $53,088 per violation. - The Federal Trade Commission enforces the notice and takedown obligations as a violation of an FTC rule.Confidence: Probable · As of 19 May 2026 · evidencedEvidence and sources[Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ12/html/PLAW-119publ12.htm) T1 · retrieved · retrieved 8 Oct 2026 · Sec. 3(b)(1)A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act Open evidence ### 11Sandboxes & Transitional ReliefQuiet▾# Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-10-08. 0 instruments · 0 obligations · 0 claims Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-10-08. ### 12Commercial ActivityQuiet▾# Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-10-08. 0 instruments · 0 obligations · 0 claims Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-10-08. 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Reset all filters ## Authorities Authority Type [California State Legislature](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/) legislature [Governor of California](https://www.gov.ca.gov/) ministry [California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General](https://oag.ca.gov/) prosecutor [California Governor's Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES)](https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/operations/homeland-security/california-cybersecurity-integration-center/transparency-in-frontier-ai-act-reporting/) regulator [California Privacy Protection Agency (CalPrivacy)](https://cppa.ca.gov/) data protection authority [California Civil Rights Department](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/) regulator U.S. District Court, Central District of California court U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit court [The White House (President)](https://www.whitehouse.gov/) ministry [U.S. Department of Justice - AI Litigation Task Force](https://www.justice.gov/) prosecutor [California Civil Rights Council](https://calcivilrights.ca.gov/civilrightscouncil/) regulator California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) ministry [California Department of Technology](https://cdt.ca.gov/) ministry California Department of General Services ministry Labor Commissioner (Division of Labor Standards Enforcement) regulator Public prosecutors (district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel) prosecutor City attorneys and county counsel prosecutor Health care professional licensing boards regulator State Bar of California regulator [California Secretary of State](https://www.sos.ca.gov/) ministry U.S. District Court, Eastern District of California court U.S. District Court, Northern District of California court U.S. Department of Commerce ministry [National Institute of Standards and Technology](https://www.nist.gov/) standards body California Employment Development Department regulator California Fair Political Practices Commission regulator [Judicial Council of California](https://courts.ca.gov/) regulator [California Department of Insurance](https://www.insurance.ca.gov/) regulator [U.S. Federal Trade Commission](https://www.ftc.gov/) regulator ## Enforcement actions Date Respondent Action Authority Instrument Amount 14 Jan 2026 X.AI Corp. / xAI (Grok) probe California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General 16 Jan 2026 X.AI Corp. / xAI (Grok) warning California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General 30 Sep 2026 OpenAI probe California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General 27 Oct 2025 OpenAI, Inc. (nonprofit) and OpenAI group California Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General ## Cases Case Court Stage Issue X.AI LLC v. Bonta U.S. District Court, C.D. Cal. (No. 2:25-cv-12295-JGB); appeal U.S. Court of Appeals, 9th Cir. No. 26-1591 appeal xAI challenges AB 2013 training-data transparency on Fifth Amendment takings, First Amendment and vagueness grounds. Mobley v. Workday, Inc. U.S. District Court, N.D. Cal. pleadings Alleged discrimination in AI-assisted applicant screening under federal and California anti-discrimination law. Kohls v. Bonta (consolidated with X Corp. and Rumble claims) U.S. District Court, E.D. Cal. (No. 2:24-cv-02527) judgment Challenge to California election deepfake statutes AB 2655 (Elec. Code section 20510 et seq.) and AB 2839 (Elec. Code section 20012). ## Consultations Consultation Authority Status Opened Closes [GovOps working groups on the independent verification organization framework (SB 813)](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB813) California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) [GovOps and Cal OES recommendations on frontier AI safety amendments, developed with national experts (EO N-9-26)](https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/FINAL-N-9-26-AI-EO-9.18.26-SIGNED.pdf) California Government Operations Agency (GovOps) open 18 Sep 2026 16 Nov 2026 Technical provenance ## Provenance Record schema artificial-intelligence-record-v2.8, research run aic-baseline-US-CA-2026-10-08. Regulator line from the research seed. Built by render_jid_aic_v13 from page model module-card-page-v1. What this record does not yet establish is set out on the [transparency register](/gaps/#gap-us-ca); its dated events are on the [regulatory calendar](/calendar/?jid=US-CA). 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