--- title: "United States – New York — Global AI Monitor" canonical: https://artificial-intelligence.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-new-york/ source_html: /jurisdictions/united-states-new-york/index.html description: "United States – New York AI governance record: 17 instruments, 0 obligations and 21 evidenced claims across 12 modules. Research as of 11 Nov 2026." generated_at: 2026-11-12T17:20:02Z content_sha256: d5583315327ba77803e395357fccd1cb5a2a706f9d53c67c031701cd9d656a6a generator: "fe-fleet/md-twin@1.0" --- # United States – New York AI Regulation & Governance 10 active modules 2 quiet Last updated 11 Nov 2026 · 12 modules · 17 instruments · 21 claims · 49 sources in the cumulative register Download report (PDF) Collapse all Framework status Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (GBL Article 47) (In force since 2025-11-05). Main regulator Regulator No designated AI authority; RAISE Act enforcement sits with the Attorney General Next milestone No upcoming dated milestone recorded Record status Live · Periodic active record · 49 sources (44 retrieved) · 13 under review · Not yet expert-reviewed ✦ AI-assembled from cited sources Evidence-gated · [How we verify](/methodology/#ai-content-disclosure) · Disclosure Not yet expert-reviewed · Not legal, compliance or investment advice. Facts are machine-assembled from cited public sources. Individual claims have not each been independently verified by a human reviewer. See [methodology](/methodology/). Source tiers: T1 enacted statute, regulation, or binding supervisory order · T2 official regulator guidance, consultation, or registry · T3 international standard-setter or peer-reviewed analysis · T4 practitioner commentary or secondary reporting. Confidence: high = corroborated by retrieved T1/T2 text · medium = single official source or secondary corroboration · low = preliminary or unverified. [Full definitions →](/methodology/#source-tiers) Research checked 11 Nov 2026 · Updated 11 Nov 2026 Record history Research as of 11 Nov 2026 · Record last changed 11 Nov 2026 · Published 11 Nov 2026 · Page built 12 Nov 2026 17 Instruments 10 Current instruments 4 Binding, in force 0 Obligations 21 Claims 0 Upcoming milestones 49 Sources Jump to module (12) ### 01AI Framework LawActive Derived: Probable▾# Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (GBL Article 47) (In force since 2025-11-05). 5 instruments (5 current) · 0 obligations · 9 claims · 0 milestones New York's cross-sectoral AI framework rests, in force today, on two instruments. NYC Local Law 144 of 2021 prohibits employers and employment agencies from using an automated employment decision tool unless an independent bias audit has been conducted. Separately, the Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (General Business Law Article 47), in force since 5 November 2025, requires an operator of an AI companion available to New York users to disclose at the start of each interaction that the user is interacting with AI, and to repeat that reminder at least every three hours during extended sessions. Enacted but not yet in force is New York's Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act), finalized when Governor Kathy Hochul signed a chapter amendment into law on 27 March 2026. The RAISE Act is codified as General Business Law Article 44-B and, from its 1 January 2027 commencement, requires developers of frontier AI models to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours. It applies to a "large frontier developer" defined as one with prior-year revenue exceeding $500 million where a frontier model is trained using more than 10^26 floating-point operations or with training compute costs exceeding $100 million, and before deploying such a model a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies. Also enacted but not yet in force is the Prohibition on Unsafe AI Companion Features for Minors Act (General Business Law Article 48), enacted via Senate Bill S9051B as Chapter 368, under which an operator of a covered AI companion available to New York users may supply any of 12 listed "unsafe" features only where the user is verified as not a covered minor, from 1 January 2027. Instruments (5) - Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (GBL Article 47) In force since 2025-11-05Binding - NY-RAISE-ACT-2025 Valid from 2027-01-01Non-binding - NYC Local Law 144 of 2021 - Automated Employment Decision Tools In force since 2023-01-01Binding - Prohibition on Unsafe AI Companion Features for Minors Act (GBL Article 48) In force from 2027-01-01Binding - Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (9) - Derived: Probable Before deploying a frontier model, a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[DLA Piper](https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2025/12/the-raise-act-new-york-joins-california-in-requiring-developer-transparency-for-large-ai-models) T3 · SurfacedBefore deploying a frontier model, the large developer must implement - Derived: Probable The RAISE Act is codified as General Business Law Article 44-B, requiring developers of frontier AI models to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours - On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the RAISE Act.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Wiley Rein](https://www.wiley.law/alert-New-York-Finalizes-RAISE-Act-for-Frontier-AI-Models-Law-Takes-Effect-January-1-2027) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) - NYC Local Law 144 of 2021 prohibits employers and employment agencies from using an automated employment decision tool unless an independent bias audit has been conducted.Confidence: Probable · EvidencedEvidence and sources[City of New York](https://s3.amazonaws.com/IGG/AI+Part+1+-+Materials/City+of+NY+-+Local+Law+144+of+2021.pdf) T1 · RetrievedLocal Law 144 of 2021 prohibits employers and employment agencies from using an automated employment decision tool unless the tool has - Derived: Probable The RAISE Act applies to a 'large frontier developer' defined as having prior-year revenue exceeding $500 million, where a frontier model is one trained using more than 10^26 floating-point operations or with training compute costs exceeding $100 million.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[CASRAI](https://casrai.org/guides/new-york-raise-act-explained) T3 · Retrieveda large frontier developer with prior-year revenue of $500 million or more - An operator of an AI companion available to NY users must disclose at the start of each interaction that the user is interacting with AI, and remind users at least every three hours during extended sessions.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Manatt, Phelps & Phillips](https://www.manatt.com/insights/newsletters/client-alert/new-york-s-safeguards-for-ai-companions-are-now-in-effect) T3 · Retrievedoperators must notify users at the beginning of each interaction - Derived: Probable An operator of a covered AI companion available to users in New York may supply any of 12 listed 'unsafe' features only where the user is verified as not a covered minor, taking effect January 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Tech Times](https://www.techtimes.com/articles/329665/20261029/hochul-signs-chatbot-safety-law-that-reaches-chatgpt-claude-not-just-companion-apps.htm) T2 · Retrievedtakes effect on January 1 — giving AI operators 65 days - Senate Bill S9051B was enacted as Chapter 368, adding Article 48 to the General Business Law.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Popular AI](https://www.popularai.org/p/new-york-ai-chatbot-law-flattery-age-checks) T3 · RetrievedSenate Bill S9051B, enacted as Chapter 368, adds Article 48 - Derived: Probable New York's RAISE Act (GBL Art. 44-B) requires developers of frontier AI models trained with more than 10^26 operations to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours, effective 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours ### 02Prohibited PracticesActive Derived: Probable▾# NY-GBL-ART48-2026 (Valid from 2027-01-01). 2 instruments (2 current) · 0 obligations · 2 claims · 0 milestones New York's prohibited-practices position is centred on an enacted instrument not yet in force. The Prohibition on Unsafe AI Companion Features for Minors Act (General Business Law Article 48) bars an operator of a covered AI companion from supplying any of 12 listed unsafe features to a user it cannot verify is not a covered minor, taking effect 1 January 2027. Secondary legal reporting on the statute indicates the same prohibition will be enforced exclusively by the New York Attorney General, with civil penalties reported at up to $25,000 per violation. Instruments (2) - NY-GBL-ART48-2026 Valid from 2027-01-01Non-binding - Prohibition on Unsafe AI Companion Features for Minors Act (GBL Article 48) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (2) - Derived: Probable An operator of a covered AI companion available to users in New York may supply any of 12 listed 'unsafe' features only where the user is verified as not a covered minor, taking effect January 1, 2027.Confidence: Probable · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Tech Times](https://www.techtimes.com/articles/329665/20261029/hochul-signs-chatbot-safety-law-that-reaches-chatgpt-claude-not-just-companion-apps.htm) T2 · Retrievedtakes effect on January 1 — giving AI operators 65 days - Derived: Probable GBL Article 48 bars an operator of a covered AI companion from supplying any of 12 listed unsafe features to a user it cannot verify is an adult, from 1 January 2027, with civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation enforced exclusively by the NY Attorney General.Confidence: Probable · As of 29 Oct 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Tech Times](https://www.techtimes.com/articles/329665/20261029/hochul-signs-chatbot-safety-law-that-reaches-chatgpt-claude-not-just-companion-apps.htm) T2 · Retrievedtakes effect on January 1 — giving AI operators 65 days ### 03High-Risk SystemsActive Derived: Probable▾# NYC-LL144-2021 (In force since 2023-07-05). 1 instrument (1 current) · 0 obligations · 1 claim · 0 milestones New York's only in-force high-risk-systems regime is NYC Local Law 144, which prohibits an employer or employment agency from using an automated employment decision tool unless it has had a bias audit within the prior year, a summary of the audit and its distribution date are published, and candidates are given at least 10 business days' written notice before the tool is used. The underlying instrument records show the law taking effect from 1 January 2023, with enforcement commencing from 5 July 2023. Instruments (1) - NYC-LL144-2021 In force since 2023-07-05Binding Claims and evidence (1) - Derived: Probable NYC Local Law 144 prohibits an employer or employment agency from using an automated employment decision tool unless it has had a bias audit within the prior year, a summary and distribution date are published, and candidates receive at least 10 business days' written notice.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 2 Dec 2025 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[NYC Department of Consumer and Worker Protection (DCWP)](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/faq-automated-employment-decision-tools.page) T1 · Retrieved · retrieved 3 Nov 2026A bias audit of the AEDT must be completed before its use. ### 04General-Purpose AIActive Derived: Probable▾# NY-GBL-ART47-2025 (In force since 2025-11-05). 3 instruments (3 current) · 0 obligations · 4 claims · 0 milestones In force since 5 November 2025, the Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (General Business Law Article 47) requires an operator of an AI companion available to New York users to disclose that the user is interacting with AI, to repeat that notification at least every three hours during continuing interaction, and, per the underlying reporting, to implement a protocol to detect and address expressions of suicidal ideation or self-harm. Enacted but not yet in force is the RAISE Act, which defines a "large frontier developer" as one with prior-year revenue exceeding $500 million and a frontier model as one trained using more than 10^26 floating-point operations or with training compute costs exceeding $100 million. Before deploying a frontier model, such a developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies, and from 1 January 2027 must disclose a critical safety incident to the New York Attorney General and the Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Services within 72 hours of determining one occurred, or within 24 hours where there is an imminent risk of death or serious physical injury. Instruments (3) - NY-GBL-ART47-2025 In force since 2025-11-05Binding - NY-RAISE-ACT-2025 Valid from 2027-01-01Non-binding - Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (4) - Derived: Probable Before deploying a frontier model, a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[DLA Piper](https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2025/12/the-raise-act-new-york-joins-california-in-requiring-developer-transparency-for-large-ai-models) T3 · SurfacedBefore deploying a frontier model, the large developer must implement - Derived: Probable The RAISE Act applies to a 'large frontier developer' defined as having prior-year revenue exceeding $500 million, where a frontier model is one trained using more than 10^26 floating-point operations or with training compute costs exceeding $100 million.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[CASRAI](https://casrai.org/guides/new-york-raise-act-explained) T3 · Retrieveda large frontier developer with prior-year revenue of $500 million or more - Derived: Probable GBL Article 47 requires an operator of an AI companion available to New York users to disclose that the user is interacting with AI, repeat that notification at least every three hours during continuing interaction, and implement a protocol to detect and address expressions of suicidal ideation or self-harm, effective 5 November 2025.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 20 Nov 2025 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Manatt, Phelps & Phillips](https://www.manatt.com/insights/newsletters/client-alert/new-york-s-safeguards-for-ai-companions-are-now-in-effect) T3 · Retrievedoperators must notify users at the beginning of each interaction - Derived: Probable A large frontier developer must disclose a critical safety incident to the NY Attorney General and the Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Services within 72 hours of determining one occurred, or within 24 hours if there is an imminent risk of death or serious physical injury, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 2 Nov 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours ### 05Transparency & Synthetic ContentActive Derived: Probable▾# Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (GBL Article 47) (In force since 2025-11-05). 2 instruments (2 current) · 0 obligations · 2 claims · 0 milestones New York's transparency regime for AI companions is in force under the Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (General Business Law Article 47), effective from 5 November 2025. An operator of an AI companion available to New York users must disclose at the start of each interaction that the user is interacting with AI and remind users at least every three hours during extended sessions. The same provision, as reported, also requires the operator to implement a protocol to detect and address expressions of suicidal ideation or self-harm. Instruments (2) - Artificial Intelligence Companion Models Law (GBL Article 47) In force since 2025-11-05Binding - NY-GBL-ART47-2025 In force since 2025-11-05Binding Claims and evidence (2) - An operator of an AI companion available to NY users must disclose at the start of each interaction that the user is interacting with AI, and remind users at least every three hours during extended sessions.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Manatt, Phelps & Phillips](https://www.manatt.com/insights/newsletters/client-alert/new-york-s-safeguards-for-ai-companions-are-now-in-effect) T3 · Retrievedoperators must notify users at the beginning of each interaction - Derived: Probable GBL Article 47 requires an operator of an AI companion available to New York users to disclose that the user is interacting with AI, repeat that notification at least every three hours during continuing interaction, and implement a protocol to detect and address expressions of suicidal ideation or self-harm, effective 5 November 2025.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 20 Nov 2025 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Manatt, Phelps & Phillips](https://www.manatt.com/insights/newsletters/client-alert/new-york-s-safeguards-for-ai-companions-are-now-in-effect) T3 · Retrievedoperators must notify users at the beginning of each interaction ### 06AI & Intellectual PropertyActive Derived: Probable▾# Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) (In force from 2027-01-01). 1 instrument (1 current) · 0 obligations · 1 claim · 0 milestones The only stored substrate for this module is an enacted provision of the RAISE Act not yet in force: before deploying a frontier model, a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies, a duty that commences with the Act's 1 January 2027 effective date. Instruments (1) - Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (1) - Derived: Probable Before deploying a frontier model, a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[DLA Piper](https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2025/12/the-raise-act-new-york-joins-california-in-requiring-developer-transparency-for-large-ai-models) T3 · SurfacedBefore deploying a frontier model, the large developer must implement ### 07Sectoral & Public-Sector AIActive Derived: Probable▾# NY-SAFE-KIDS-2024 (Valid from 2027-01-25). 4 instruments (4 current) · 0 obligations · 6 claims · 0 milestones In force today, NYC Local Law 144 prohibits an employer or employment agency from using an automated employment decision tool unless an independent bias audit has been conducted within the prior year, a summary and the audit's distribution date are published, and candidates receive at least 10 business days' written notice. Enacted but not yet in force is New York's RAISE Act, finalized by chapter amendment on 27 March 2026 and taking effect 1 January 2027, which creates a new frontier-AI oversight office within the Department of Financial Services (NYDFS); a large frontier developer with prior-year revenue of $500 million or more must write, implement, comply with and publish a Frontier AI Framework. Also enacted but not yet in force is the SAFE for Kids Act (General Business Law Article 45), which bars a covered online platform from providing an addictive algorithmically personalised feed, or nighttime notifications, to a user it knows or should know is under 18 unless the operator confirms the user is not a minor or obtains verifiable parental consent; the underlying instrument record places its effective date at 25 January 2027. Last in standing order is a proposal rather than enacted law: at its 9 October 2026 meeting the New York State Gaming Commission considered proposed rules under 9 NYCRR Part 5404 that would prohibit licensees and their affiliates, agents and vendors from using automated decision systems, algorithmic profiling, AI, machine learning or generative systems in promotions, odds or wager recommendations. These wagering rules have not been adopted and remain at the proposal stage. Instruments (4) - NY-SAFE-KIDS-2024 Valid from 2027-01-25Non-binding - NYC Local Law 144 of 2021 - Automated Employment Decision Tools In force since 2023-01-01Binding - NYC-LL144-2021 In force since 2023-07-05Binding - RAISE Act (NY General Business Law Article 44-B) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (6) - NYC Local Law 144 of 2021 prohibits employers and employment agencies from using an automated employment decision tool unless an independent bias audit has been conducted.Confidence: Probable · EvidencedEvidence and sources[City of New York](https://s3.amazonaws.com/IGG/AI+Part+1+-+Materials/City+of+NY+-+Local+Law+144+of+2021.pdf) T1 · RetrievedLocal Law 144 of 2021 prohibits employers and employment agencies from using an automated employment decision tool unless the tool has - Derived: Probable At its 9 October 2026 meeting the New York State Gaming Commission considered proposed rules prohibiting licensees and affiliates from using AI, automated decision systems or algorithmic profiling in promotions, odds or wager recommendations; not yet adopted.Confidence: Uncertain · EvidencedEvidence and sources[New York State Gaming Commission](https://gaming.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2026/10/2026-10-09-public-meeting-book_2.pdf) T1 · RetrievedThe proposed rules would include definitions, prohibiting licensees and their affiliates, agents and vendors from using automated decision systems, algorithmic profiling, AI, machine learning or generative systems - Derived: Probable NYC Local Law 144 prohibits an employer or employment agency from using an automated employment decision tool unless it has had a bias audit within the prior year, a summary and distribution date are published, and candidates receive at least 10 business days' written notice.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 2 Dec 2025 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[NYC Department of Consumer and Worker Protection (DCWP)](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/faq-automated-employment-decision-tools.page) T1 · Retrieved · retrieved 3 Nov 2026A bias audit of the AEDT must be completed before its use. - Derived: Probable The SAFE for Kids Act (GBL Art. 45) bars a covered online platform from providing an addictive algorithmically personalised feed, or nighttime notifications, to a user it knows or should know is under 18, unless the operator confirms the user is not a minor or obtains verifiable parental consent, effective 25 January 2027.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 28 Jul 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Hunton Andrews Kurth](https://www.hunton.com/privacy-and-cybersecurity-law-blog/new-york-attorney-general-releases-final-rules-for-safe-for-kids-act) T3 · RetrievedThe SAFE Act goes into effect on January 25, 2027 - New York's RAISE Act, finalized by chapter amendment on 27 March 2026, takes effect 1 January 2027 and creates a new frontier-AI oversight office within NYDFS.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Wiley Rein](https://www.wiley.law/alert-New-York-Finalizes-RAISE-Act-for-Frontier-AI-Models-Law-Takes-Effect-January-1-2027) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) - A large frontier developer with prior-year revenue of $500 million or more must write, implement, comply with and publish a Frontier AI Framework.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Wiley Rein](https://www.wiley.law/alert-New-York-Finalizes-RAISE-Act-for-Frontier-AI-Models-Law-Takes-Effect-January-1-2027) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) ### 08Safety & Incident ReportingActive Derived: Probable▾# NY-RAISE-ACT-2025 (Valid from 2027-01-01). 3 instruments (3 current) · 0 obligations · 5 claims · 0 milestones New York's safety-and-incident-reporting regime is wholly prospective, resting on the RAISE Act (General Business Law Article 44-B), which commences 1 January 2027. Before deploying a frontier model, a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies, and must publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours. A developer must disclose a critical safety incident to the New York Attorney General and the Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Services within 72 hours of determining one occurred, or within 24 hours where there is an imminent risk of death or serious physical injury, and separately must report such an incident to NYDFS's new oversight office within the same 72-hour window (24 hours for imminent risk), with penalties reported at up to $1 million for a first violation and $3 million for subsequent violations. A large frontier developer with prior-year revenue of $500 million or more must also write, implement, comply with and publish a Frontier AI Framework. Instruments (3) - NY-RAISE-ACT-2025 Valid from 2027-01-01Non-binding - RAISE Act (NY General Business Law Article 44-B) In force from 2027-01-01Binding - Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (5) - Derived: Probable Before deploying a frontier model, a large frontier developer must implement, publish and retain a written safety-and-security protocol and submit test records to state agencies.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[DLA Piper](https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2025/12/the-raise-act-new-york-joins-california-in-requiring-developer-transparency-for-large-ai-models) T3 · SurfacedBefore deploying a frontier model, the large developer must implement - Derived: Probable The RAISE Act is codified as General Business Law Article 44-B, requiring developers of frontier AI models to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours - Derived: Probable A large frontier developer must disclose a critical safety incident to the NY Attorney General and the Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Services within 72 hours of determining one occurred, or within 24 hours if there is an imminent risk of death or serious physical injury, from 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 2 Nov 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours - A large frontier developer with prior-year revenue of $500 million or more must write, implement, comply with and publish a Frontier AI Framework.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Wiley Rein](https://www.wiley.law/alert-New-York-Finalizes-RAISE-Act-for-Frontier-AI-Models-Law-Takes-Effect-January-1-2027) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) - Frontier developers must report a critical safety incident to NYDFS's oversight office within 72 hours of detection (24 hours if imminent risk of death or serious injury), with penalties up to $1 million for a first violation and $3 million for subsequent violations.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours ### 09Standards & ConformityQuiet▾# Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-11-11. 0 instruments · 0 obligations · 0 claims Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-11-11. ### 10Authorities & EnforcementActive Derived: Probable▾# NY-RAISE-ACT-2025 (Valid from 2027-01-01). 3 instruments (3 current) · 0 obligations · 5 claims · 0 milestones In force today, the NYC Department of Consumer and Worker Protection (DCWP) may impose civil penalties of up to $500 for a first automated employment decision tool violation and between $500 and $1,500 per day for each subsequent or continuing violation under NYC Local Law 144. Enacted but not yet in force is the RAISE Act's enforcement architecture: finalized by chapter amendment on 27 March 2026 and taking effect 1 January 2027, it creates a new frontier-AI oversight office within the Department of Financial Services (NYDFS), to which frontier developers must report critical safety incidents, with penalties reported at up to $1 million for a first violation and $3 million for subsequent violations. The Act, codified as General Business Law Article 44-B, separately requires transparency reports and critical-incident reporting within 72 hours, and empowers the New York Attorney General to bring a civil action against a large frontier developer for reporting failures or false statements, with penalties reported at up to $1,000,000 for a first violation and up to $3,000,000 for each subsequent violation. Instruments (3) - NY-RAISE-ACT-2025 Valid from 2027-01-01Non-binding - NYC-LL144-2021 In force since 2023-07-05Binding - RAISE Act (NY General Business Law Article 44-B) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (5) - Derived: Probable New York's RAISE Act (GBL Art. 44-B) requires developers of frontier AI models trained with more than 10^26 operations to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours, effective 1 January 2027.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours - Derived: Probable DCWP may impose civil penalties of up to $500 for a first AEDT violation and between $500 and $1,500 per day for each subsequent or continuing violation under NYC Local Law 144.Confidence: Confirmed · As of 2 Dec 2025 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Office of the New York State Comptroller](https://www.osc.ny.gov/state-agencies/audits/2025/12/02/enforcement-local-law-144-automated-employment-decision-tools) T1 · RetrievedDCWP is tasked with enforcing LL144 and can impose civil penalties between $500 and $1,500 per day for violations. - Derived: Probable Under the RAISE Act, the New York Attorney General may bring a civil action against a large frontier developer for reporting failures or false statements, with penalties up to $1,000,000 for a first violation and up to $3,000,000 for each subsequent violation.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Wiley Rein](https://www.wiley.law/alert-New-York-Finalizes-RAISE-Act-for-Frontier-AI-Models-Law-Takes-Effect-January-1-2027) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) - New York's RAISE Act, finalized by chapter amendment on 27 March 2026, takes effect 1 January 2027 and creates a new frontier-AI oversight office within NYDFS.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[Wiley Rein](https://www.wiley.law/alert-New-York-Finalizes-RAISE-Act-for-Frontier-AI-Models-Law-Takes-Effect-January-1-2027) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026On March 27, 2026, New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed into law a chapter amendment that is the final version of the Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) - Frontier developers must report a critical safety incident to NYDFS's oversight office within 72 hours of detection (24 hours if imminent risk of death or serious injury), with penalties up to $1 million for a first violation and $3 million for subsequent violations.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours ### 11Sandboxes & Transitional ReliefActive▾# RAISE Act (NY General Business Law Article 44-B) (In force from 2027-01-01). 1 instrument (1 current) · 0 obligations · 1 claim · 0 milestones The only stored relief provision is contained in the RAISE Act, enacted but not yet in force: Section 1426 excepts accredited New York colleges and universities conducting academic AI research, and the Empire AI consortium, from the Act's frontier-developer duties, an exception that takes effect alongside the Act's 1 January 2027 commencement. Instruments (1) - RAISE Act (NY General Business Law Article 44-B) In force from 2027-01-01Binding Claims and evidence (1) - RAISE Act Section 1426 excepts accredited New York colleges and universities conducting academic AI research, and the Empire AI consortium, from the Act's frontier-developer duties.Confidence: Probable (capped: best source is T3) · As of 27 Mar 2026 · EvidencedEvidence and sources[AI Compliance Atlas](https://aicomplianceatlas.com/law/new-york-raise-act) T3 · Retrieved · retrieved 1 Nov 2026Codified as General Business Law Article 44-B (Sections 1420–1429), it requires developers of frontier AI models — foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations — to publish transparency reports and report critical safety incidents within 72 hours ### 12Commercial ActivityQuiet▾# Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-11-11. 0 instruments · 0 obligations · 0 claims Nothing recorded for this module in the research of 2026-11-11. No modules match. Filters combine as OR inside a group and AND across groups. Reset all filters ## Authorities No authorities recorded in this research. ## Enforcement actions No enforcement actions recorded in this research. ## Cases No cases recorded in this research. ## Consultations No consultations recorded in this research. What this record does not yet establish is set out on the [transparency register](/gaps/#gap-us-ny); its dated events are on the [regulatory calendar](/calendar/?jid=US-NY). Think something on this page is wrong? [Report an error](/legal/#contact). Technical provenance (record schema, run ID & build metadata) Schema version artificial-intelligence-record-v2.12 Research run ID aic-union-US-NY-2026-11-04 Page model module-card-page-v1 Renderer render_jid_aic_v13 Build date 12 Nov 2026