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AB 1609 - Customer service chatbots (Adopted 2026-09-28; valid from 2027-01-01): Prohibits large private businesses from representing a customer service chatbot as human, requires disclosure and a human-contact customer service feature, with public prosecutor penalties.
18 instruments (17 current) · 21 obligations · 77 claims · 6 milestones
Instruments
- AB 1609 - Customer service chatbots Adopted 2026-09-28; valid from 2027-01-01
Prohibits large private businesses from representing a customer service chatbot as human, requires disclosure and a human-contact customer service feature, with public prosecutor penalties.
- AB 2355 - Political Reform Act: AI disclosure in political advertisements Adopted 2024-09-17; valid from 2025-01-01
Adds Government Code section 84514: committee-paid political advertisements containing AI-generated or substantially altered images, audio or video must carry a prescribed AI disclosure; enforced by the Fair Political Practices Commission under the Political Reform Act.
- AB 2655 - Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024 (enjoined as to X Corp. and Rumble) Adopted 2024-09-17; valid from 2025-01-01
Requires large online platforms to block or label materially deceptive election content in specified periods and provide reporting procedures. On 2025-08-20 the Eastern District of California declared it preempted by 47 U.S.C. section 230 as applied to X Corp. and Rumble and permanently enjoined enforcement against them; the statute remains on the books.
- AB 2713 - CAITA system provenance data amendments Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01
Revises large online platform provenance duties under CAITA, including the user interface for inspecting system provenance data.
- AB 2839 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (2024; enjoined as to named plaintiffs) In force since 2024-09-17
Urgency statute adding Elections Code section 20012 (120-day pre-election ban on malicious distribution of materially deceptive election content). On 2025-08-29 the Eastern District of California granted summary judgment to the plaintiff in Kohls v. Bonta and permanently enjoined enforcement against the named plaintiffs; AB 502 (2026) later amended section 20012.
- AB 3030 - Health care services: generative AI patient communications Adopted 2024-09-28; valid from 2025-01-01
Adds Health and Safety Code section 1339.75: health facilities, clinics and physician offices using generative AI for patient clinical communications must include an AI-generated disclaimer and instructions for reaching a human, unless a licensed provider read and reviewed the communication; physician violations fall to the medical boards.
- AB 502 - Elections: deceptive media in advertisements (replaces AB 2839) In force since 2026-09-19
Urgency statute amending Elections Code section 20012: prohibits knowingly distributing, with malice, materially deceptive election content within 30 days before an election (and for election officials and voting equipment from 30 days before through 38 days after); exempts reasonable-person satire or parody; only the depicted individual may sue for injunction or damages.
- AB 621 - Deepfake pornography (Civil Code section 1708.86) Adopted 2025-10-13; valid from 2026-01-01
Amends Civil Code section 1708.86: extends the cause of action over sexually explicit deepfakes to those who knowingly facilitate or recklessly aid deepfake pornography services, presumes service providers liable if they do not stop within 30 days of evidence, raises statutory damages to $50,000 ($250,000 if malicious) and lets public attorneys sue.
- AB 853 - California AI Transparency Act amendments (platforms, hosting, capture devices) Adopted 2025-10-13; valid from 2026-01-01
Delays CAITA to August 2, 2026 and adds duties for large online platforms and GenAI hosting platforms from 2027 and for capture device manufacturers from 2028.
- California AI Transparency Act (SB 942), as amended In force since 2025-01-01
Requires covered generative AI providers to offer a free verification tool and embed latent disclosures in AI-generated image, video and audio content; operative August 2, 2026 after AB 853 delayed it and then amended by SB 1000 and AB 2713.
- SB 1000 - CAITA amendments (covered-provider threshold removed, disclosure verification tool) In force since 2026-09-30
Deletes the 1,000,000-user threshold from the covered-provider definition, renames the detection tool a disclosure verification tool, drops the manifest-disclosure option and takes effect immediately as an urgency statute.
- SB 1050 - Synthetic performers in advertising Adopted 2026-09-16; valid from 2027-01-01
Makes it an unlawful advertising practice to publish an advertisement prominently including a synthetic performer without a clear and conspicuous disclosure.
- SB 1111 - Digital replicas Adopted 2026-09-30; valid from 2027-01-01
Extends the Civil Code section 3344 right of publicity to digital replicas and treats use of a digital replica with intent to impersonate as false impersonation.
- SB 243 - Companion chatbots In force since 2026-01-01
Requires companion chatbot operators to disclose AI status, maintain a suicide and self-harm protocol, add protections for known minors and report annually to the Office of Suicide Prevention from July 1, 2027; private right of action.
- SB 361 - Data brokers: registration disclosure of sales to GenAI developers Adopted 2025-10-08; valid from 2026-01-01
Amends the Delete Act data-broker registration: brokers must disclose whether in the past year they shared or sold consumers' data to a developer of a generative AI system, alongside other recipients; also adjusts fines for failure to register.
- SB 524 - Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence (AI-generated police reports) Adopted 2025-10-10; valid from 2026-01-01
Adds Penal Code section 13663: law enforcement agencies must keep a policy requiring AI-assisted official reports to carry an AI disclosure and the preparing officer's signature, retain the first draft and an audit trail, and bar contracted vendors from reusing agency data.
- TAKE IT DOWN Act (Public Law 119-12) - notice and removal of nonconsensual intimate imagery including deepfakes Applies since 2026-05-19
Federal statute requiring covered platforms to run a notice-and-removal process and remove reported nonconsensual intimate visual depictions, including digital forgeries, and known identical copies within 48 hours; platform duties enforceable by the FTC from 19 May 2026. Overlaps California Civil Code section 1708.86; no conflict found.
- SB 11 - Artificial intelligence technology: digital replicas (vetoed 2025) Vetoed 2025-10-13 Not current
Bill amending right-of-publicity and false-impersonation law for digital replicas and requiring AI tools to carry a liability warning hyperlink; vetoed on 2025-10-13 and the veto was sustained on 2026-03-02.
Obligations
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3
Covered providers must embed a latent disclosure in image, video and audio content their GenAI system creates or alters, to the extent technically feasible.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.2
Covered providers must make a no-cost disclosure verification tool available so users can assess whether content was created or altered by the provider's GenAI system.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.1
From January 1, 2027, large online platforms must detect provenance data embedded in or attached to content they distribute.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.2
From January 1, 2027, a GenAI system hosting platform must not knowingly make available a GenAI system that does not place the required disclosures.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.3
From January 1, 2028, capture device manufacturers must give users the option to include a latent disclosure, including the manufacturer name, in content captured by devices first produced for sale in the state on or after that date.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.2(a)
Every covered provider (no user threshold) must make available a free disclosure verification tool, which may point to a compliant third-party tool.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.4.1
Violation of the platform-provenance prohibition in section 22757.3(d) is subject to a $50,000 civil penalty per violation recoverable by the AG, a city attorney or county counsel.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.3.1(a)
Large online platforms must detect provenance data in distributed content and provide a user interface that reliably indicates whether content is GenAI-generated or capture-device captured.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(a)-(b)
Operators must issue a clear AI-disclosure notification where a user could be misled and must maintain and publish a protocol preventing suicide and self-harm content, with crisis-service referrals.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22602(c)
For users known to be minors, operators must disclose AI status, notify at least every three hours to take a break, and reasonably prevent sexually explicit visual material.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 22626
Large private businesses must not represent a customer service chatbot as human and must clearly disclose it is artificially generated where a reasonable person might otherwise be misled.
- Bus. & Prof. Code § 17610
Advertisements that prominently include a synthetic performer must carry a clear and conspicuous disclosure of that fact.
- Civ. Code § 3344; Penal Code § 540
Using another person's voice or likeness, including a digital replica, without consent for commercial purposes is actionable, and using a digital replica to impersonate is false impersonation.
- Penal Code § 13663(a)-(b)
Each law enforcement agency must maintain a policy requiring any official report generated fully or partly with AI to identify the AI program used, state that it was written with AI, and carry the signature of the preparing officer verifying it; the first AI draft must be retained as long as the report.
- Civ. Code § 1708.86
A person may not knowingly facilitate or recklessly aid or abet the creation or disclosure of digitized sexually explicit material without consent; a provider of services enabling a deepfake pornography service that does not stop within 30 days of receiving sufficient evidence is presumed to be knowingly facilitating.
- Elec. Code § 20012(b)(1)
During the period set in subdivision (c) (30 days before an election; for election officials and voting equipment, 30 days before to 38 days after), a person may not with malice knowingly distribute an advertisement or election communication with materially deceptive content; satire and parody are excepted.
- Health & Saf. Code § 1339.75(a)
A health facility, clinic, physician's office or group practice using generative AI to generate patient clinical-information communications must include a disclaimer that the communication was AI-generated and clear instructions for contacting a human; communications read and reviewed by a licensed provider are exempt.
- Gov. Code § 84514(a)
A committee that creates, originally publishes or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement containing AI-generated or substantially altered image, audio or video must include a specified disclosure, displayed or spoken as prescribed for the medium.
- Elec. Code Div. 20, Ch. 7 (§ 20510 et seq.)
A large online platform must develop and implement procedures to identify and remove, and to label, reported materially deceptive election content in specified periods around a California election. Enjoined as applied to X Corp. and Rumble.
- Elec. Code § 20012 (as added by AB 2839)
A person, committee or entity may not knowingly distribute, with malice, an election advertisement or communication containing materially deceptive content within 120 days before an election (and in specified cases 60 days after), subject to exemptions. Enjoined as to the named plaintiffs in Kohls v. Bonta.
- TAKE IT DOWN Act Sec. 3(a)(1), (3)
A covered platform must establish a process for individuals to notify it of nonconsensual intimate visual depictions and must remove a depiction, and make reasonable efforts to remove known identical copies, within 48 hours of a valid request.
Milestones
- Covered-platform notice and removal duties become enforceable Met
- CAITA operative (delayed from 2026-01-01 by AB 853) Met
- Large online platform and GenAI hosting platform duties begin Upcoming
- First annual SB 243 reports to Office of Suicide Prevention begin Upcoming
- Operators begin annual reports to the Office of Suicide Prevention Upcoming
- Capture device manufacturer duties begin for devices first produced on or after this date Upcoming
Claims and evidence (77)
SB 942 added the California AI Transparency Act (Bus. & Prof. Code ch. 25), effective 2025-01-01.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
(Added by Stats. 2024, Ch. 291, Sec. 1. (SB 942) Effective January 1, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, pursuant to Section 22757.6.)
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
Derived: Probable CAITA carries civil penalties enforced by the AG, city attorneys and county counsel.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
(Added by Stats. 2024, Ch. 291, Sec. 1. (SB 942) Effective January 1, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, pursuant to Section 22757.6.)
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
CAITA became operative on August 2, 2026 after AB 853 delayed it from January 1, 2026.
Evidence and sources
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
This chapter shall become operative on August 2, 2026.
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
Original threshold: more than 1,000,000 monthly visitors or users (since deleted by SB 1000).
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
“Covered provider” means a person that creates, codes, or otherwise produces a generative artificial intelligence system that has over 1,000,000 monthly visitors or users and is publicly accessible within the geographic boundaries of the state.
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
Derived: Probable Civil penalty of $5,000 per violation, with each day a discrete violation.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
shall be liable for a civil penalty in the amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000) per violation to be collected in a civil action filed by the Attorney General, a city attorney, or a county counsel.
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
Latent disclosures in AI-generated image, video and audio content.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
latent disclosure in AI-generated image, video, or audio content, or content that is any combination thereof, created by the covered provider’s GenAI system that meets all of the following criteria:
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
Covered providers must include a latent disclosure in AI-generated image, video or audio content and make a free tool available to check provenance.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
latent disclosure in AI-generated image, video, or audio content, or content that is any combination thereof, created by the covered provider’s GenAI system that meets all of the following criteria:
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 25 (California AI Transparency Act, SB 942) - codified text as displayed (pre-AB 853 version)
AB 853 was chaptered as Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025, on October 13, 2025.
Evidence and sources
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025.
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable AB 853 imposes statutory duties on platforms and manufacturers.
Evidence and sources
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
This chapter shall become operative on August 2, 2026.
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
AB 853 approved by the Governor on October 13, 2025.
Evidence and sources
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025.
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
AB 853 amends CAITA.
Evidence and sources
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
This chapter shall become operative on August 2, 2026.
- AB 853 (Wicks), Chapter 674, Statutes of 2025 - chaptered text
SB 1000 was approved on September 30, 2026.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026.
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable SB 1000 amends a binding statute and adds a $50,000 penalty.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would recast those provisions to, among other changes, delete the user threshold from the definition of “covered provider,” replace the term “AI detection tool” with “disclosure verification tool,” delete the above-described requirement of a covered provider to offer the user the option to include a manifest disclosure in content, and additionally require a covered provider to include in the above-described latent disclosure whether the GenAI system created or altered the content.
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
SB 1000 is an urgency statute that goes into immediate effect on approval.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026.
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
The user threshold no longer limits who is a covered provider.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would recast those provisions to, among other changes, delete the user threshold from the definition of “covered provider,” replace the term “AI detection tool” with “disclosure verification tool,” delete the above-described requirement of a covered provider to offer the user the option to include a manifest disclosure in content, and additionally require a covered provider to include in the above-described latent disclosure whether the GenAI system created or altered the content.
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable Violators of section 22757.3(d) face $50,000 per violation.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
A violator of subdivision (d) of Section 22757.3 shall be liable for a civil penalty in the amount of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) per violation
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
SB 1000 amends CAITA.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would recast those provisions to, among other changes, delete the user threshold from the definition of “covered provider,” replace the term “AI detection tool” with “disclosure verification tool,” delete the above-described requirement of a covered provider to offer the user the option to include a manifest disclosure in content, and additionally require a covered provider to include in the above-described latent disclosure whether the GenAI system created or altered the content.
- SB 1000 (Becker), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
AB 2713 was approved on September 30, 2026.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would revise the duties and prohibitions applicable to a large online platform relating to artificial intelligence, including the requirement for allowing a user to inspect system provenance data.
- AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable AB 2713 revises mandatory platform duties.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would revise the duties and prohibitions applicable to a large online platform relating to artificial intelligence, including the requirement for allowing a user to inspect system provenance data.
- AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
AB 2713 amends CAITA.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would revise the duties and prohibitions applicable to a large online platform relating to artificial intelligence, including the requirement for allowing a user to inspect system provenance data.
- AB 2713 (Wicks), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
SB 243 added Chapter 22.6 (Companion Chatbots) to the Business and Professions Code, effective 2026-01-01.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 677, Sec. 1. (SB 243) Effective January 1, 2026.)
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
SB 243 duties are enforceable through a private right of action.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 677, Sec. 1. (SB 243) Effective January 1, 2026.)
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
Damages in an amount equal to the greater of actual damages or one thousand dollars ($1,000) per violation.
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
SB 243 took effect January 1, 2026.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 677, Sec. 1. (SB 243) Effective January 1, 2026.)
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
Operators must notify users that a companion chatbot is artificially generated where a reasonable person could be misled, and must maintain and publish a suicide and self-harm prevention protocol.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
If a reasonable person interacting with a companion chatbot would be misled to believe that the person is interacting with a human, an operator shall issue a clear and conspicuous notification indicating that the companion chatbot is artificially generated and not human.
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
An operator shall prevent a companion chatbot on its companion chatbot platform from engaging with users unless the operator maintains a protocol for preventing the production of suicidal ideation, suicide, or self-harm content to the user
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
For users the operator knows are minors, operators must disclose AI status, give break reminders at least every three hours, and prevent sexually explicit visual material.
Evidence and sources
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
Provide by default a clear and conspicuous notification to the user at least every three hours for continuing companion chatbot interactions that reminds the user to take a break and that the companion chatbot is artificially generated and not human.
- Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code Div. 8 Ch. 22.6 (Companion Chatbots, SB 243) - codified text
SB 243 was approved by the Governor on 2025-10-13 as Chapter 677, Statutes of 2025.
Evidence and sources
- SB 243 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 677) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025.
- SB 243 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 677) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 1609 was approved on September 28, 2026.
Evidence and sources
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor September 28, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2026.
- California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills
Effective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise)
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable AB 1609 imposes prohibitions with civil penalties.
Evidence and sources
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
A large private business shall not represent that a customer service chatbot is a human.
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
A large private business that violates this chapter shall be liable for a civil penalty not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000) for an initial violation, and ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each subsequent violation.
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable AB 1609 takes effect on the default January 1, 2027 date per the CLA signed-bills chart.
Evidence and sources
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor September 28, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2026.
- California Lawyers Association - 2026 status update on California AI, privacy and technology-related bills
Effective Date January 1, 2027 (unless stated otherwise)
- AB 1609 (Zbur), Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
SB 1050 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 16 September 2026.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1050 (Ashby), Chapter 246, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor September 16, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 16, 2026.
- SB 1050 (Ashby), Chapter 246, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable SB 1050 makes it an unlawful advertising practice to publish an advertisement prominently featuring a synthetic performer without a clear and conspicuous disclosure, from 1 January 2027.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1050 (Ashby), Chapter 246, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would make it an unlawful advertising practice for a person to create and cause to be published in an advertising medium an advertisement that prominently includes a synthetic performer without a clear and conspicuous disclosure that the advertisement includes a synthetic performer.
- SB 1050 (Ashby), Chapter 246, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
SB 1111 was approved by the Governor and filed with the Secretary of State on 30 September 2026.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Approved by Governor September 30, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 30, 2026.
- SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Derived: Probable SB 1111 extends the Civil Code §3344 right of publicity to digital replicas and makes impersonation by digital replica a form of false impersonation under Penal Code §540, from 1 January 2027.
Evidence and sources
- SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
This bill would clarify that, for purposes of this cause of action, a voice or likeness includes a digital replica
- SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
false impersonation includes the use of a digital replica with the intent to impersonate another.
- SB 1111 (Ashby), Chapter 862, Statutes of 2026 - chaptered text
Penal Code section 13663 requires disclosure, signature, first-draft retention and an audit trail for AI-assisted police reports.
Evidence and sources
- SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient
(a) Each law enforcement agency shall maintain a policy to require an official report prepared by a law enforcement officer or any member of a law enforcement agency that is generated using artificial intelligence either fully or partially to contain both of the following:
- SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient
"This report was written either fully or in part using artificial intelligence."
- SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient
the first draft created shall be retained by the agency for as long as the official report is retained.
- SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient
(c) The agency utilizing artificial intelligence to generate a first draft or official report shall maintain an audit trail for as long as the official report is retained
- SB 524 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 587) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 621 was approved by the Governor on 13 October 2025 as Chapter 673, Statutes of 2025.
Evidence and sources
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025.
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable Civil Code section 1708.86 as amended is chaptered law.
Evidence and sources
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would make a person that provides a service that enables the ongoing operation of a deepfake pornography service presumed to be engaged in knowing facilitation or reckless aiding or abetting
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 621 takes effect on the 1 January 2026 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.
Evidence and sources
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025.
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
The Governor approved AB 621 on 13 October 2025.
Evidence and sources
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor October 13, 2025. Filed with Secretary of State October 13, 2025.
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 621 extends civil liability to those who facilitate deepfake pornography services and presumes service providers liable after 30 days' notice.
Evidence and sources
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would make a person that provides a service that enables the ongoing operation of a deepfake pornography service presumed to be engaged in knowing facilitation or reckless aiding or abetting
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
(3) "Deepfake pornography service" means an internet website, mobile application, or other service the primary purpose of which is to create digitized sexually explicit material.
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable Statutory damages rise to $50,000, or $250,000 for a malicious violation, and public attorneys may sue.
Evidence and sources
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would increase the maximum statutory damages available to a depicted individual to $50,000 if the violation was not malicious and $250,000 for a malicious violation and would authorize certain public attorneys to bring a civil action to enforce these provisions
- AB 621 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 673) - leginfo billNavClient
SB 361 requires registered data brokers to report sales or sharing of consumer data to GenAI developers.
Evidence and sources
- SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient
The bill would also require a data broker to provide information regarding whether, in the past year, the data broker shared or sold consumers' data to a foreign actor, as defined, the federal government, other state governments, law enforcement, as provided, or a developer of a GenAI system, as defined.
- SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient
"Generative artificial intelligence system" or "GenAI system" means an artificial intelligence that can generate derived synthetic content, including text, images, video, and audio, that emulates the structure and characteristics of the system's training data.
- SB 361 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2025, Ch. 466) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 502 was approved by the Governor on 19 September 2026 as Chapter 333, Statutes of 2026.
Evidence and sources
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 19, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 19, 2026.
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable Elections Code section 20012 as amended is chaptered law.
Evidence and sources
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
shall not, during the time period set forth in subdivision (c), with malice, knowingly distribute an advertisement or other election communication containing materially deceptive content of any of the following:
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 502 is an urgency statute and took effect immediately on approval on 19 September 2026.
Evidence and sources
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would declare that it is to take effect immediately as an urgency statute.
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
The Governor approved AB 502 on 19 September 2026.
Evidence and sources
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 19, 2026. Filed with Secretary of State September 19, 2026.
- AB 502 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2026, Ch. 333) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 3030 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-28 as Chapter 848, Statutes of 2024.
Evidence and sources
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024.
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
Health and Safety Code section 1339.75 is chaptered law.
Evidence and sources
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
A health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice that uses generative artificial intelligence to generate written or verbal patient communications pertaining to patient clinical information shall ensure that those communications include both of the following:
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable AB 3030 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.
Evidence and sources
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024.
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-28.
Evidence and sources
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 28, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 28, 2024.
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
Section 1339.75 requires an AI disclaimer and human-contact instructions in AI-generated patient clinical communications, except where a licensed provider reviewed them.
Evidence and sources
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
A health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group practice that uses generative artificial intelligence to generate written or verbal patient communications pertaining to patient clinical information shall ensure that those communications include both of the following:
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
(2) Clear instructions describing how a patient may contact a human health care provider, employee of the health facility, clinic, physician’s office, or office of a group provider, or other appropriate person.
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
The bill would exempt from this requirement a communication read and reviewed by a human licensed or certified health care provider. Under the bill, a violation of these provisions by a physician would be subject to the jurisdiction of the Medical Board of California or Osteopathic Medical Board of California, as appropriate.
- AB 3030 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 848) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2355 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-17 as Chapter 260, Statutes of 2024.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
Government Code section 84514 is chaptered law within the Political Reform Act.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would require a committee that creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement to include in the advertisement a specified disclosure that the advertisement was generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence, as defined.
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable AB 2355 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default; the chaptered text states no other date.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-17.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2355 requires committees to disclose AI-generated or substantially altered content in political advertisements.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would require a committee that creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement to include in the advertisement a specified disclosure that the advertisement was generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence, as defined.
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
(2) The disclosure required by paragraph (1) shall be displayed or spoken in the manner prescribed in Section 84504, 84504.1, 84504.2, 84504.3, 84504.4, or 84504.5, as applicable.
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
The Fair Political Practices Commission administers and implements the Political Reform Act, including section 84514.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
The Fair Political Practices Commission is charged with administering and implementing the act
- AB 2355 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 260) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2655 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-17 as Chapter 261, Statutes of 2024.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2655 is chaptered law, enjoined as applied to X Corp. and Rumble.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill, to be known as the Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024, would require a large online platform, as defined, to block the posting of materially deceptive content related to elections in California, during specified periods before and after an election.
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable AB 2655 took effect on the January 1, 2025 constitutional default.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-17.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2655 required large online platforms to block or label materially deceptive election content.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill, to be known as the Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024, would require a large online platform, as defined, to block the posting of materially deceptive content related to elections in California, during specified periods before and after an election.
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
large online platform shall develop and implement procedures for the use of state-of-the-art techniques to identify and remove materially deceptive content if all of the following conditions are met:
- AB 2655 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 261) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable On 2025-08-20 the Eastern District of California entered judgment declaring AB 2655 preempted by section 230 as applied to X Corp. and Rumble and permanently enjoining its enforcement against them.
Evidence and sources
- Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 98 - Order and Final Judgment (2025-08-20)
DECLARING that AB 2655 violates and is preempted by 47 U.S.C. § 230(c)(1), § 230(c)(2)(B), and § 230(e)(3), as-applied to X Corp. and Rumble; and PERMANENTLY ENJOINING Defendants from enforcing AB 2655, in its entirety, against X Corp. and Rumble.
- Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 98 - Order and Final Judgment (2025-08-20)
AB 2839 was approved by the Governor on 2024-09-17 as Chapter 262, Statutes of 2024.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2839 added Elections Code section 20012 as chaptered law.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would prohibit a person, committee, or other entity from knowingly distributing an advertisement or other election communication, as defined, that contains certain materially deceptive content, as defined, with malice, as defined, subject to specified exemptions.
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2839 is an urgency statute that took effect immediately on approval.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
relating to elections, and declaring the urgency thereof, to take effect immediately.
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
The Governor approved the bill on 2024-09-17.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
Approved by Governor September 17, 2024. Filed with Secretary of State September 17, 2024.
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
AB 2839 prohibited malicious distribution of materially deceptive election content within 120 days of an election.
Evidence and sources
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
This bill would prohibit a person, committee, or other entity from knowingly distributing an advertisement or other election communication, as defined, that contains certain materially deceptive content, as defined, with malice, as defined, subject to specified exemptions.
- AB 2839 chaptered bill text (Stats. 2024, Ch. 262) - leginfo billNavClient
Derived: Probable On 2025-08-29 the Eastern District of California permanently enjoined enforcement of AB 2839 against the named plaintiffs in Kohls v. Bonta.
Evidence and sources
- Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 101 (order of 2025-08-29) - Justia docket
Defendants Rob Bonta and Shirley N. Weber and their agents, employees, public servants, officers and persons acting in concert with them are HEREBY PERMANENTLY ENJOINED from enforcing AB 2839 against the named Plaintiffs.
- Kohls v. Bonta, E.D. Cal. 2:24-cv-02527, Filing 101 (order of 2025-08-29) - Justia docket
The TAKE IT DOWN Act was approved on May 19, 2025 as Public Law 119-12.
Evidence and sources
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
Approved May 19, 2025. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 146
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
Derived: Probable Section 3 imposes mandatory notice-and-removal duties on covered platforms, enforced by the FTC.
Evidence and sources
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
a covered platform shall, as soon as possible, but not later than 48 hours after receiving such request-- (A) remove the intimate visual depiction; and (B) make reasonable efforts to identify and remove any known identical copies of such depiction.
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
Platform notice-and-removal duties apply from May 19, 2026, one year after enactment.
Evidence and sources
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, a covered platform shall establish a process whereby an identifiable individual
- FTC business guidance - Complying with the Take It Down Act (May 2026)
The Federal Trade Commission enforces Section 3 of the Take It Down Act (TIDA), effective May 19, 2026.
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
Covered platforms must remove reported intimate depictions and known identical copies within 48 hours of a request.
Evidence and sources
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
a covered platform shall, as soon as possible, but not later than 48 hours after receiving such request-- (A) remove the intimate visual depiction; and (B) make reasonable efforts to identify and remove any known identical copies of such depiction.
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
Derived: Probable A platform failing to comply may face FTC civil penalties of $53,088 per violation.
Evidence and sources
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act
- FTC business guidance - Complying with the Take It Down Act (May 2026)
Platforms that violate the law may face FTC enforcement that could result in civil penalties of $53,088 per violation.
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
The Federal Trade Commission enforces the notice and takedown obligations as a violation of an FTC rule.
Evidence and sources
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
A failure to reasonably comply with the notice and takedown obligations under subsection (a) shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act
- Public Law 119-12 - TAKE IT DOWN Act (S. 146), U.S. Government Publishing Office
SB 11 was introduced in the California Legislature and did not become law.
Evidence and sources
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
|10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.|
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
I am returning Senate Bill 11 without my signature. This bill would amend existing statutes regarding the right of publicity and the crime of false impersonation to address situations involving digital replicas.
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
In this case, however, it is unclear whether a warning would be sufficient to dissuade wrongdoers from using AI to impersonate others without their consent. For this reason, I cannot sign this bill.
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
SB 11 has no legal force.
Evidence and sources
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
|10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.|
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
I am returning Senate Bill 11 without my signature. This bill would amend existing statutes regarding the right of publicity and the crime of false impersonation to address situations involving digital replicas.
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
In this case, however, it is unclear whether a warning would be sufficient to dissuade wrongdoers from using AI to impersonate others without their consent. For this reason, I cannot sign this bill.
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
The Governor vetoed SB 11 on 2025-10-13 saying it was unclear a warning would dissuade wrongdoers; the veto was sustained on 2026-03-02.
Evidence and sources
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
|10/13/25|In Senate. Consideration of Governor's veto pending.| |10/13/25|Vetoed by the Governor.|
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
In this case, however, it is unclear whether a warning would be sufficient to dissuade wrongdoers from using AI to impersonate others without their consent. For this reason, I cannot sign this bill.
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message
|03/02/26|Veto sustained.| |03/02/26|Stricken from file.|
- SB 11 bill status and Governor veto message